PSORIASIS TREATMENT

Treating Ear Psoriasis

2012-01-27T09:02:00.000-08:00

Ear psoriasis is quite common among those suffering with psoriasis and occurs in approximately 18 percent of all psoriasis sufferers. Dry scales or scaly patches in the ear canal are often diagnosed as a form of psoriasis. Psoriasis in the ears may result buildup of scales that blocks the ear canal. This scaling combined with normal earwax can cause a blockage of the external ear canal leading to temporary hearing loss. Ear psoriasis is normally limited to the area of the external surface of the ear canal, and is usually not seen inside the ear itself or behind the eardrum. Ear psoriasis may also occur behind the ear. The symptoms of ear psoriasis include dryness of the skin in the ear, with some scaling.

Treatment of ear psoriasis may include gentle cleansing of the ear area, which can be accomplished using basic over-the-counter ear-cleaning kits. Plain warm water, followed by a thin layer of mineral or jojoba oil which is applied with a cotton swab to the outer area of the ear brings relief to many psoriasis sufferers. Wearing wax earplugs when sleeping has been effective for some in keeping the affected ear canal from drying out and thus reducing the severity of ear psoriasis. Another solution is to apply Psoriasis-Ltd to the outer surface of the ear. This product has been found to improve the appearance of scales, redness and irritation resulting from psoriasisi of the ear.

Cause of Psoriasis

2011-10-06T08:52:00.000-07:00

Understanding the cause of psoriasis can lead to more effective treatment of psoriasis. Psoriasis is a complex interaction of the immune system, contact responses and multiple genes involved in producing the sequence of events that result in the occurrence of psoriasis. Complicating this is the probability that genes found to be associated with affecting or triggering psoriasis may or may not cause psoriasis in an individual person, depending on how the genes react in relation to one another. The activity of genes is often determined by the pattern in which they were inherited from parents.

Skin researchers believe that a biochemical stimulus may contribute to the abnormally high skin growth, which causes the skin lesions of psoriasis. Heredity is also a factor in the development of psoriasis. Individuals who have a family member with a severe case of psoriasis tend to experience early onset of the disease. Researchers have isolated 9 gene mutations that may be involved in the occurrence of psoriasis. One of these mutations on chromosome 6, called PSORS-1, have been identifed as a major factor in the cause of this condition. Mutations on genes cause certain cells to function differently. With psoriasis, these mutations seem to largely affect T-helper cells. Recent research studies indicate that psoriasis may be a disorder of the immune system. When the immune system is functioning normally, the T cell, a white blood cell, normally works to fight off infection and disease. Scientists believe that having an abnormal immune system may cause abnormal activity by T cells in the skin. These abnormally active T cells cause skin inflammation and increased cell production. These T-cells "attack" the skin and set off a cascade of events that make the skin cells multiply so fast they start to stack up on the surface of the skin. Normal skin cells form, mature, and then are sloughed off every 30 days. But in psoriasis the skin goes through this whole process in 3-6 days.

Diet and vitamin are also thought to play a role in the development and progression of psoriasis.

Bacterial Infections Play a Role in Psoriasis

2011-10-01T03:10:00.000-07:00

Bacterial infections may weaken the immune system and cause or worsen the symptoms of psoriasis. Systemic infections (or infections throughout the entire body such as a cold) have been associated with causing psoriasis include viral upper respiratory disease, streptococcal pharyngitis ("strep throat"), and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Staphylococcal skin infections (boils) have been a trigger. Infections can affect the outcome of psoriasis treatment.

Successful Treatment of Psoriasis

2011-09-18T14:38:00.000-07:00

In the treatment of psoriasis, you may not always be able to control the factors that trigger or cause your psoriasis to flare, but you can control your approach toward tackling those triggers.

Psoriasis tends to flare-up when the person is exposed to certain trigger factors. These substances or conditions such as lack of sunlight and low indoor humidity in the winter months, injury to the skin can cause the formation of a psoriasis, infections caused by bacteria or viruses can cause a psoriasis flare, stress can trigger a psoriasis flare, but research scientists are still unclear about exactly how this occurs. Studies do show that not only can a sudden, stressful event trigger a rash to worsen; daily hassles of life can also trigger the symptoms of a flare.

Psoriasis-Ltd is a blend of soothing, beneficial minerals specially formulated to address the symptoms of psoriasis. Patients have seen an excellent improvement in the appearance of their psoriasis after starting the application of Psoriasis-Ltd III. Psoriasis-Ltd III does not stain clothes or bedding, does not smell, and dries invisibly on the skin in less than 20 seconds.

Psoriasis Diet

2011-08-25T08:04:00.000-07:00

Psoriasis treatment is based on a combination of the sufferer's age, the severity of their psoriasis, the area of the body affected by psoriasis, and the type of psoriasis they have. Psoriasis tends to flare-up when the person is exposed to certain trigger factors. Substances or conditions that can worsen psoriasis include changes in climate, infections, stress, dehydration and dry skin. Controlling these conditions can have positive impact the outcome of your treatment. The key to successful psoriasis treatment is to identify the factors that trigger your psoriasis. Diet is one way to approach the treatment and management of psoriasis. A healthy diet along with Psoriasis-Ltd will nourish damaged and irritated skin caused by psoriasis and psoriasis related conditions. Within weeks, you will notice positive changes in the condition of your skin.

Psoriasis Facial Rashes

2011-07-13T08:11:00.000-07:00

Facial psoriasis affects up to 46% of people diagnosed with psoriasis. The rash of facial psoriasis appears as silvery scales, itchy rashes and, in some cases, opens lesions. This rash most commonly involves the upper lip, the forehead and eyebrows, and at the hairline. Research indicates approximately 74% of people with facial psoriasis had rashes on the upper forehead, and approximately 46% had rashes near the ear. The study also found that most patients first experienced facial symptoms between the ages of 30 to 40.

Keep Psoriasis Skin Moisturized

2011-06-29T12:18:00.000-07:00

Treatment of psoriasis rashes can vary to some degree depending on the type and cause, but all are dependent on the same process of keeping the skin moisturized to reduce itching and keeping the skin hydrated to reduce dryness and irritation. One of the best choices for any age group to keep the skin hydrated is pure Jojoba Oil. Jojoba Oil is a plant was ester, which is safe for use on all skin rashes, and rarely causes an allergic reaction. Be careful of moisturizing products containing lanolin, which may cause an allergic reaction. Ideally, jojoba oil should be applied three to four times a day. Apply in a gentle downward motion in the direction of hair growth to prevent accumulation of the moisturizer around the hair follicle (this can cause infection of the follicle).

What is Psoriasis-Ltd Treatment?

2011-05-12T08:17:00.000-07:00

Psoriasis-Ltd is a blend of soothing, beneficial ingredients specially formulated to address the symptoms of psoriasis. Patients have seen an excellent improvement in the appearance of their psoriasis after starting the application of Psoriasis-Ltd III. They enhance the body's ability to restore the balance to the skin so needed to begin the healing process. Patients have seen an excellent improvement in the appearance of their psoriasis after starting the application of Psoriasis-Ltd III.

Unlike other psoriasis treatments, Psoriasis-Ltd III is not a cream, a lotion, a spray or even a pill. Over 98% of those using Psoriasis-Ltd III have been pleased with the appearance of their psoriasis after using Psoriasis-Ltd. Psoriasis-Ltd III does not stain clothes or bedding, does not smell, and dries invisibly on the skin in less than 20 seconds.

Symptoms of Psoriasis

2011-05-12T08:12:00.000-07:00

Psoriasis by any other name would be defined as areas of raised, red patches called plaques of skin topped with loose, silvery scales, usually on the knees or elbows. Plaques can occur anywhere, but most commonly occur on the knees, elbows, scalp, hands, feet, or lower back. Nearly 90% of people with psoriasis have plaque-type variety of psoriasis.

Psoriasis can occur in many different forms, looks and appearances. The symptoms of psoriasis can vary from person to person. Each type of psoriasis has it's own distinct symptoms and patterns of redness, itching, and flaking. Symptoms for each type of psoriasis may vary in severity and appear in a wide array of combinations.

Psoriasis Treatment Options - Psoriasis-Ltd

2011-02-25T08:01:00.000-08:00

Today you do have many more options in the treatemnt of psoriasis. One of those options which is gaining in popularity is Psoriasis-Ltd. Psoriasis-Ltd is comprised of soothing, beneficial ingredients specially formulated to address the symptoms of psoriasis and skin related conditions. Over 98% of those using Psoriasis-Ltd III have been pleased with the appearance of their psoriasis after using Psoriasis-Ltd. Psoriasis-Ltd III does not stain clothes or bedding, does not smell, and dries invisibly on the skin in less than 20 seconds.

Psoriasis Treatment

2011-01-26T08:06:00.000-08:00

Treatment options for psoriasis have come a long way. Psoriasis treatment is based on the sufferer’s age, the severity of their condition, and the type of psoriasis they have. Psoriasis tends to flare-up when the person is exposed to certain trigger factors. Substances or conditions that can worsen psoriasis include changes in climate, infections, stress, and dry skin. Also, certain medicines may cause an outbreak or worsening of the disease. A natural treatment to improve psoriasis can be found in basic lifestyle changes.

Research indicates that ocular symptoms of psoriasis occur in approximately 10% of psoriasis sufferers. Ocular psoriasis can cause symptoms including inflammation of the eye, dryness and discomfort. When psoriasis affects the eyelids, scales may cover lashes. The edges of the eyelids may become red and crusty. If inflamed for long periods, the rims of the lids may turn up or down. If the rim turns down, lashes can rub against the eyeball and cause irritation. In a prolonged ocular episode vision impairment may occur. Ocular psoriasis treatment is aimed at preventing irritation and controlling inflammation.

To address the symptoms of skin and eye psoriasis many people have found that Psoriasis-Ltd is the the answer. Psoriasis-Ltd is a blend of soothing, beneficial ingredients specially formulated to address the symptoms of psoriasis and skin related conditions. Patients have seen an excellent improvement in the appearance of their psoriasis after starting the application of Psoriasis-Ltd. Psoriasis-Ltd does not stain clothes or bedding, does not smell, and dries invisibly on the skin in less than 20 seconds

The Cause of Psoriasis

2011-01-17T09:27:00.000-08:00

The key to sucessfully treating psoriasis is understanding the cause of psoriasis. It is believed that a biochemical stimulus triggers a faster skin growth. The body can't keep up with this accelerated rate of growth and as a result patches of raised skin accumulate.

Research shows that heredity also plays a role in the development of psoriasis. Individuals who have a family member with a severe case of psoriasis tend to experience early onset of symptoms of the disease.

Recent research studies indicate that a disorder within the immune system may also contribute to psoriasis. The T cell, a white blood cell, normally works to fight off infection and disease. Scientists believe that having an abnormal immune system can cause abnormal activity by T cells in the skin. These abnormally active T cells cause skin inflammation and increased cell production.

Diet and vitamin influences have also been thought to play a role in the cause of the development and progression if this condition.

The Symptoms of Psoriasis of The Nails

2010-11-09T08:41:00.000-08:00

Nail Psoriasis can affect both the toenails and fingernails. Psoriatic changes in nails range from mild to severe, generally reflecting the extent of psoriatic involvement of the nail plate, nail matrix (tissue from which the nail grows), nail bed (tissue under the nail), and skin at the base of the nail.

Nail psoriasis is frequently associated with psoriatic arthritis. Certain medications may make psoriasis worse. These include lithium (prescribed to treat bipolar disorder, beta blockers (prescribed for heart problems), anti-malarial drugs, and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) such as ibuprofen are available by prescription or over the counter for pain relief. NSAIDs are often used to treat psoriatic arthritis. In such cases, the benefits and risks of treatment need to be carefully assessed. Flare-ups of psoriasis caused by NSAIDs usually respond to treatment.

The Psoriasis-Ltd Glossary of Psoriasis Terms

2010-10-14T09:41:00.000-07:00

Understanding the terminology used to define, diagnose and treat psoriasis helps you to communicate effectively and fully understand your psoriasis treatment and medication options. This glossary defines commonly used psoriasis terms, including names of products and medications used in the treatment of psoriasis and skin related conditions that may co-exist with psoriasis, such as acne, eczema, lupus, and rosacea.

Psoriasis Can Occur of The Scalp

2010-06-24T07:48:00.000-07:00

The symptoms of seborrheic scalp psoriasis usually consists of red, scaly patches that may appear lumpy. The edges of these patches tend to be well defined. Psoriasis on the scalp is common and, in many cases, it is the only area affected. Seborrheic scalp psoriasis can extend beyond the hairline, onto the forehead. Psoriasis of the scalp does not damage the hair follicle and is not associated with hair loss, but if the scale is thick and forms hard lumps, it may lead to temporary hair thinning. The scalp may be the first site on the body to be affected by psoriasis.

Treatment for scalp psoriasis should include massaging a little warm baby/olive/coconut oil gently into the scalp, (wrap the head in an old towel). Wash out with cream shampoo (i.e. Dry Hair Products) and add a little lemon juice to the final rinse to get rid of excess grease. Only shampoo three times a week, more than this and the natural oils may be washed out. daily treatemnt for scalp psoriasis may include a once to twice application of Psoriasis Ltd. To apply Psoriasis Ltd, dampen the fingers with water, and wet the affected area of the scalp with the finger. Then apply the Psoriasis Ltd disk by gliding it over the affected area to dissolve a small amount onto the area using a circular motion with only one small application of about 2-4 seconds.

Natural Treatment of Psoriasis

2010-06-15T12:04:00.000-07:00

It is important to approach the treatment of psoriasis in as many ways as possible. Those whose treatment choices include modifying their lifestyles, eating habits and reduce their level of stress often experience a much greater degree of psoriasis clearing. While you try to treat the symptoms of psoriasis that are most visible and distressing, you should attempt to address the treatment of the cause! If we find and treat the cause of psoriasis, then maybe all the symptoms of psoriasis need not occur!

Natural treatment tips:
1) Keep the body well hydrated with alkaline water.
2) Moisturize, moisturize, moisturize.
3) Avoid skin irritants.
4) Launder clothing with mild soap or detergent.
5) Keep nails clean and short to prevent scratching.
6) Avoid temperature and humidity extremes.
7) Stress can trigger a psoriasis flares.
8) Many medications can also affect psoriasis.

Learn more about psoriasis at Psoriasis-Ltd.

Ocular Psoriasis

2010-04-27T09:42:00.000-07:00

Psoriasis can cause inflammation of the eye, dryness and discomfort. When psoriasis affects the eyelids, scales may cover lashes it is referred to as ocular psoriasis. The edges of the eyelids may become red and crusty. If inflamed for long periods, the rims of the lids may turn up or down. If the rim turns down, lashes can rub against the eyeball and cause irritation. In a prolonged ocular episode vision impairment may occur. Ocular symptoms may occur in approximately 10% of psoriasis patients. Ocular involvement is more common in men than in women. It is rare to have involvement of the eye prior to skin involvement of psoriasis. The ophthalmic signs of ocular psoriasis can vary widely, including Blepharitis, Conjunctivitis, Uveitis and Iritis. There have been reported cases of secondary corneal involvement resulting in keratitis.

Blepharitis is the most prevalent ocular occurrence in psoriasis. Erythema, edema, and psoriatic plaques may develop. Blepharitis is a common inflammatory ocular condition that affects the eyelids. It usually causes burning, itching, and irritation of the lids. Other common symptoms include sandy, itchy eyes, red and/or swollen eyelids, crusty, flaky skin on the eyelids, and dandruff. In severe cases, this ocular condition may also cause sties, irritation, and inflammation of the cornea leading to keratitis and conjunctiva (conjunctivitis). Blepharitis, usually a chronic problem, can be controlled with extra attention to lid hygiene. However, it may also be caused by an infection, which would require treatment with a prescription medication. The key to controlling blepharitis is to keep the eyelids and eye lashes clean. Remember to remove all mascara and make-up before going to bed.

Ocular psoriatic conjunctivitis usually occurs in association with eyelid margin involvement of a psoriasis episode. Psoriatic plaques can extend from the lid onto the conjunctiva. Conjunctivitis, also known as pinkeye, is an inflammation of the conjunctiva, the thin, clear tissue that lies over the white part of the eye and lines the inside of the eyelid. Conjunctivitis is caused by viruses, bacteria, irritants such as shampoos, dirt, smoke, and pool chlorine, and allergies such as dust, pollen, or an allergy specific to contact lens wearers. The symptoms of conjunctivitis differ based on the cause of the inflammation, but may include redness in the white of the eye or inner eyelid, increased amount of tears, a thick yellow discharge that crusts over the eyelashes, especially after sleep, green or white discharge from the eye, an itchy or burning sensation in the eyes, blurred vision and/or an increased sensitivity to light.

Uveitis and iritis frequently arise as a complication of psoriatic arthritis or lupus, in which the body's immune system attacks its own healthy tissue.

Uveitis is an inflammation of the uvea, the middle layer of the eye's surface. The uvea includes the iris, the colored area at the front of the eye. When uveitis is localized at the front of the eye, it's called iritis. Iritis is an inflammation of the iris, a part of the eye. Symptoms include eye pain, sensitivity to light, and/or blurry vision and are often confused with the symptoms of conjunctivitis. Uveitis may affect only the fluid that fills the eye, but may also affect the small blood vessels behind the retina. Symptoms of uveitis can include: redness in the eye, sensitivity to light, blurred vision, pain in the eye or "floaters" in the field-of-vision. Early detection and treatment is of the utmost importance. Untreated uveitis can cause irreversible damage to the delicate eye tissue, and it represents the third most common cause of preventable blindness in the nation.

Keratitis is one of the more serious conditions, which may occur in relation to ocular psoriasis. Keratitis is a term used to cover a range of ocular conditions where there is infection or inflammation of the cornea. This condition may result in severe eye pain, blurry vision, and sensitivity to light. Medical evaluation and treatment of keratitis is absolutely essential. Minor corneal infections are commonly treated with anti-bacterial or anti-fungal eye drops. If the problem is more severe, a person may receive more intensive antibiotic treatment to eliminate the infection and may even require steroid eye drops to reduce inflammation. Corneal involvement with ocular psoriasis is relatively rare. It usually occurs as a secondary to eyelid or conjunctival complications, such as dryness, trichiasis, or exposure.

Ocular psoriasis shares many similar symptoms to ocular rosacea. Ocular rosacea can cause a persistent burning or gritty feeling in the eyes. For others, ocular rosacea manifests itself as inflamed and swollen eyelids with small-inflamed bumps, eyelashes that may fall out, compounded by bloodshot eyes. The most frequent signs, which may never progress to a more severe condition, are chronically inflamed margins of the eyelids with scales and crusts. Pain and sensitivity to light may be present.

Psoriasis Can Occur In The Ear Canal

2010-03-04T09:40:00.000-08:00

Psoriasis is commonly found in the ears too. In this case it can appear as dry scales in the ear canal. It also occurs behind the ear so this area has to be checked to look for the plaques if the diagnosis of psoriasis is considered. The image shows some dryness of the skin in the ear, with some scaling, which is characteristic of psoriasis. Psoriasis of the ears occurs in approximately 18 percent of all patients at some time.

Psoriasis in the ears can cause scale buildup that blocks the ear canal. This scaling, when combined with normal earwax, can sometimes produce the physical blockage of the external ear canal leading to a temporary decrease in hearing. Psoriasis generally occurs in the external ear canal, not inside the ear or behind the eardrum. It also occurs behind the ear so this area has to be checked to look for the plaques if the diagnosis of psoriasis is considered. Dryness of the skin in the ear, with some scaling is characteristic of psoriasis. Ear psoriasis generally occurs in the external ear canal, not inside the ear or behind the eardrum.

The eardrum is easily damaged. It is best to avoid picking and scratching the affected areas of the ear. Careful cleansing of the ear area can be done using over-the-counter ear-cleaning kits that involve squirting small amounts of fluid into the ear and letting it drain. Plain warm water, followed by a thin layer of mineral oil applied with a cotton swab, is also effective for some people. Wearing wax ear plugs at night helps to keep the affected ear canal from drying out and thereby reduces the severity of ear psoriasis.

Psoriasis-Ltd Treatment for Psoriasis

2009-12-31T08:43:00.000-08:00

Psoriasis-Ltd is a blend of soothing, beneficial minerals specially formulated to work synergistically with your skin to improve the appearance of psoriasis and psoriasis-related conditions. Psoriasis sufferers have seen an excellent improvement in the appearance of their skin condition after stopping their psoriasis treatments and applying Psoriasis-Ltd III.

The ingredients of Psoriasis-Ltd III which are ideal for psoriasis are zinc oxide, sodium chloride, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol, iron oxide, copper oxide, and sulfur (sulfur is used externally only and is not to be confused with sulfa which is taken internally only). Leave the skin wet after washing and apply Psoriasis-Ltd by simply gliding the Psoriasis-Ltd III disk over the wet skin to dissolve the ingredients onto the affected areas. Psoriasis-Ltd does not contain any potentially irritating preservatives, such as methylparaben, propylparaben, and Quaternium-15, and contains no irritating fragrances. The color of the disk is indicative of the ingredients in the disk with the color being invisible on the skin. Psoriasis-Ltd has a pH of 7.0 which is the perfect pH balance to allow the skin to normalize itself and heal itself.

KOEBNER’S PHENOMENON PSORIASIS

2009-11-17T11:08:00.000-08:00

Koebner's Phenomenon psoriasis is the term for psoriatic lesions, which can appear at the site of injury, infection or other skin psoriasis, or may be a new lesion in an existing case. The “Koebner phenomenon” was named after Dr. Koebner who in the 19th century observed that a patient developed new psoriasis lesions in areas where his horse bit him. This relationship between skin injury and developing new psoriatic lesions has been observed in many patients. In the Koebner phenomenon, people with psoriasis observe new lesions 10 to 14 days after the skin is cut, scratched, rubbed, or severely sunburned.

The cause of the Koebner phenomenon is unknown, however, it is more prevalent in patients who develop psoriasis before age 15. Up to 50% of psoriasis patients will experience new lesions forming at the site of healing wounds. Approximately 10% of psoriasis sufferers experience the Koebner Phenomenon with every skin injury or condition, and its chances of occurring increase when the psoriasis is in an active stage.

A Koebner phenomenon is most often associated with psoriasis patients, but can happen in people affected with many other types of skin conditions including eczema, systemic juvenile rheumatoid arthritis, lichen planus, and warts. In rare instances, it has been known to occur at the site of an old scar.

The degree of psoriasis can also vary from individual to individual. It ranges in severity from mild affecting less than 2% of body, to moderate affecting 2-10% of body, to severe affecting greater than 10% of the body. Skin injury and irritation, sun exposure, diet, stress and anxiety, medications, and infections have been known to make psoriasis worse.

Skin conditions that have been found to trigger Koebner’s phenomenon include: any type of dermatitis, a Herpes breakout, skin boils, Lichen Planus, and Vitilgo. Koebner’s phenomenon can also result from trauma to the skin from such factors as insect bites; irritation resulting from a chemical reaction on the skin; injuries to the skin such as burns, bruises, cuts or scrapes, sunburn, or skin chafing; skin procedures such as tattoos or acupuncture. In some cases shaving or even the adhesive from a band aid can result in Koebner’s phenomenon.

Defining Psoriasis

2009-10-29T10:20:00.000-07:00

Psoriasis is a non-contagious disorder which affects the skin. As a result, symptoms including itchy, scaly red patches appear, often on the elbows, hands, feet, and scalp, but they can show up on other parts of your body. Usually, what happens is new skin cells take about a month or so to move from the deepest skin layer where they're produced, to the surface where they die and flake off. With psoriasis, the entire skin cell life cycle takes only days.

Individuals with psoriasis experience skin conditions such as itching, cracking, stinging, burning, or bleeding. These symptoms are usually worse in the winter months due to the lack of sunlight and low indoor humidity. The skin is most likely to crack at the joints where the body bends or in areas where the individual fails to refrain from scratching. Scratching can also lead to bleeding and infection, which is why it should be avoided at all costs. This skin condition has also been known to affect fingernails and toe nails by causing pits or dents in them. There is also the possibility that the soft tissue inside the mouth and genitalia can be affected. In some cases, individuals experience joint inflammation, which can lead to the development of arthritis symptoms. This condition is known as psoriatic arthritis.

There are many beliefs as to what causes psoriasis. Although no one knows for sure, many scientists believe that a biochemical stimulus triggers the abnormally high skin growth, which in turn causes the symptoms of skin lesions. Heredity also plays a role in the development of psoriasis symptoms. Individuals who have a family member with a severe case of psoriasis tend to experience early onset of the disease. Recent research studies indicate that psoriasis may be a disorder of the immune system. The T cell, a white blood cell, normally works to fight off infection and disease. Scientists believe that having an abnormal immune system causes abnormal activity by T cells in the skin. These abnormally active T cells cause skin inflammation and increased cell production. Diet and vitamin influences have also been thought to play a role in psoriasis development and progression.

Understanding Psoriasis

2007-01-04T11:55:00.000-08:00

Psoriasis is a chronic scaling skin. It may range from just a few spots anywhere on the body to large areas of involvement. It is not contagious or spread able from one part of the body to another or from one person to another. There is no blood test to diagnose psoriasis. The diagnosis is made by observation and examination of the skin. Sometimes microscopic examination of the skin (biopsy) is helpful where the changes are not typical or characteristic. The exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, but hereditary and genetic factors are important. Psoriasis runs in families. This does not mean, however, that every child of a parent with psoriasis will develop psoriasis, but it is common that somewhere down the line psoriasis will appear in families. Psoriasis is not caused by allergies, infections, dietary deficiencies or excesses, or nervous tension.

Historical Mention of Psoriasis

2007-01-04T11:53:00.000-08:00

Psoriasis has been around since the days of Greek mythology, more than 2,500 years ago. It was considered a curse from the gods.The Bible refers to psoriasis but mistakenly calls it leprosy. For hundreds of years, people with the disease were ostracized and forced to wander as homeless beggars. Some had to wear warning bells so others could avoid their paths. Some suffered the same fate as lepers, who were burned at the stake in the 14th century."Amazingly, psoriasis was a disease that had been misunderstood for more than 2,000 years before it was clearly defined (in the early 1800s) and named what we know it as today."

Molecule Against Psoriasis

2006-12-04T10:28:00.000-08:00

A number of chronic diseases break out because the body attacks an imaginary enemy. A research group at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) has created a molecule that prevents our immune system from running wild.
When the body thinks it is under attack, it defends itself in the best way possible, for instance by starting a defence inflammation.
This reaction is highly appropriate if the enemy is an influenza virus or something else that actually needs to be fought. However, sometimes the body misinterprets the signals, and starts a defence inflammation against a non-existent enemy. The result could be so-called autoimmune diseases: psoriasis, arthritis, Bechterew’s, asthma, allergies, ulcerative colitis, multiple sclerosis, Crohn’s disease – and numerous others. The list is longer than we care to imagine, and affects large parts of the population. “Judas enzyme” sends the wrong messageProfessor Berit Johansen at the Department of Biology at NTNU previously discovered which enzyme that misinterprets signals and reprograms cells to divide much faster than they should – thus provoking disease. The enzyme is called phospholipase A2, less formally known as the “Judas enzyme”.Now, Professor Johansen and her research group have created various stop molecules that prevent the “Judas enzyme” from sending the wrong messages to the cell nucleus. By doing so, the inflammatory reaction can be prevented. One of these stop molecules was recently tested in mice infected with psoriasis. The results are more than promising: Every single mouse got better, in all respects. In addition, it turned out that a high dosage yielded better effect than a low dosage.Medical testing right around the cornerThis discovery means that a substantial part of the road to a new type of medication is history. The next step is testing on humans. Early next year, the substance will be available as a cream, ready to be applied on the first test persons. This testing will take place in France.Professor Berit Johansen’s new firm, Avexxin, is also testing out two other molecules, one against rheumatoid arthritis, and one against nephritis.

By Hege Tunstad and Lisa Olstad/Gemini Research Journal

Psoriasis and Psoriatic Disorders

2006-11-01T10:16:00.000-08:00

This study will evaluate a twice-daily topical treatment for body psoriasis in adolescents. Eligible patients must have body psoriasis, such as on arms, legs, chest, or back. The study involves six office visits (some visits require blood draws) with a board-certified dermatologist, and includes free treatment for up to eight weeks, and compensation for time and travel.
The research site is in Shreveport, La.

For more information
please see http://www.centerwatch.com/patient/studies/cat126.html.

What Is Known About Psoriasis

2006-10-31T09:37:00.000-08:00

Psoriasis is a chronic scaling skin. It may range from just a few spots anywhere on the body to large areas of involvement. It is not contagious or spread able from one part of the body to another or from one person to another.

There is no blood test to diagnose psoriasis. The diagnosis is made by observation and examination of the skin. Sometimes microscopic examination of the skin (biopsy) is helpful where the changes are not typical or characteristic.

The exact cause of psoriasis is unknown, but hereditary and genetic factors are important. Psoriasis runs in families. This does not mean, however, that every child of a parent with psoriasis will develop psoriasis, but it is common that somewhere down the line psoriasis will appear in families.

Psoriasis is not caused by allergies, infections, dietary deficiencies or excesses, or nervous tension.

Factors That May Influence Psoriasis

2006-10-18T10:30:00.000-07:00

Most people living with psoriasis experience good days when their skin clears and bad days when psoriasis flares. A trigger is usually needed to make psoriasis appear — whether it is for the first time or the thirtieth. Common psoriasis triggers are:
Infection
Studies show that some infections can trigger psoriasis. Dermatologists have seen people with a family history of psoriasis get strep throat and develop their first psoriasis lesions two weeks later. Strep throat often precedes an outbreak of guttate psoriasis. Inverse psoriasis is frequently aggravated by a thrush infection. Infections that can trigger psoriasis are:
Candida albicans (thrush)
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)
Staphylococcal skin infections (boils)
Streptococcal pharyngitis (strep throat)
Viral upper respiratory condition
Treating the infection in many cases lessens or clears the psoriasis.
Reaction to Certain Medications
Some people develop psoriasis for the first time or experience a flare-up after taking certain medication. Medications that can trigger psoriasis are:
Anti-malarial drugs. Dermatologists have seen people develop psoriasis for the first time after taking an anti-malarial medication.
Beta-blockers (medication used to treat high blood pressure) and heart medication. These worsen psoriasis in some people.
Corticosteroids.
These medications, which range in potency from extremely mild to very strong, are used to treat psoriasis and can be very effective. It is important to use these medications as directed. Overuse and sudden withdrawal of some oral corticosteriods can aggravate psoriasis.
Indomethacin (non-steroidal medication used to treat arthritis and other inflammatory conditions) worsens psoriasis in some people.
Lithium (used to treat manic depression and other psychiatric conditions) aggravates psoriasis in about 50% of people who have psoriasis.
If you have psoriasis or a family history of psoriasis, be sure to let the doctor prescribing any of the above medications know. Other medications can sometimes be substituted.
Skin Injury
People with psoriasis often notice new lesions 10 to 14 days after the skin is cut, scratched, rubbed, or severely sunburned.
This is called the “Koebner phenomenon” and is named after Dr. Koebner who in the 19th century observed that a patient developed new lesions in areas where his horse bit him. This relationship between skin injury and developing new psoriatic lesions has been observed in many patients. Today, a wide range of traumas and skin conditions are known to trigger Koebner’s phenomenon:
Skin Trauma
Skin Conditions
Acupuncture
Boils
Bites
Dermatitis
Bruises
Herpes blisters
Burns
Lichen planus
Chafing
Scabies
Chemical irritation
Vitiligo
Cuts and scrapes
Other
Pressure against the skin
Shaving
Sunburn and peeling
Adhesive tape on the skin
Tattoos
Vaccinations
Other
Research shows that about 50% of people with psoriasis experience the Koebner phenomenon — developing a psoriatic lesion at the site of a skin injury or in the same place as another skin condition. About 10% of psoriasis patients develop a new psoriatic lesion each time the skin is injured. The likelihood of developing the Koebner phenomenon may increase when psoriasis lesions are already present.
Stress
Ask anyone with psoriasis what triggers a flare-up, and stress is likely to top the list. Scientific studies confirm that stress can worsen psoriasis and increase itching. Some people can even trace their first outbreak to a particularly stressful event.
Having psoriasis is, in itself, stressful. When lesions are visible, people may stare and not want to get near. They may ask, “What did you do to your skin?” Even a spouse, parents, children, friends, and co-workers can be visibly uncomfortable. Some people report that a spouse cannot bear to touch them during severe outbreaks. Others say they feel embarrassed or ashamed by their skin.
When psoriasis develops on the hands and feet, it is often difficult for people to perform daily tasks, such as picking up objects, typing, and walking. This can make holding a job or caring for a child extremely challenging. The itching and pain caused by psoriasis also makes daily life difficult.
Treating psoriasis can add to the stress. Some treatments are time-consuming. Broadband phototherapy requires three to five visits per week to a clinic, and narrowband requires two to three. Topical medications can be time-consuming to apply. After spending time and money to treat the psoriasis, a person may find the treatment ineffective. Potential side effects deter some people from opting for systemic medications, such as methotrexate and cyclosporine. The cost of treating psoriasis adds stress to many people’s lives. Some living with psoriasis find that they cannot afford to pay for the newer treatments, such as the biologics.
When the everyday stress of living with psoriasis is compounded by a stressful event at work, a personal crisis, or an especially hectic time, such as the holidays, the stress can feel overwhelming.
People may try to alleviate stress with an herbal or natural over-the-counter remedy. However, some food supplements and herbal remedies interact negatively with prescription medications. People also turn to alcohol and others drugs to reduce stress. Research shows that this actually increases stress.
Dermatologists recommend that their patients tell them if they feel overwhelming stress. There are many healthy ways to relieve stress. Many patients find that psychological counseling or joining a support group effectively reduces stress. Your dermatologist may be able to help you find a therapist or a support group. Some patients prefer to adopt a popular relaxation technique, such as meditation. Exercise also can help reduce stress.
Weather
Winter tends to be the most challenging season for people living with psoriasis. Numerous studies indicate cold weather is a common trigger for many people and that hot and sunny climates appear to clear the skin.
Cold winter weather is dry, and indoor heat robs the skin of needed moisture. This usually worsens psoriasis. Psoriasis can become even more severe when the stress of the holidays and winter illnesses combine to compromise immune systems.
While hot and sunny may help clear psoriasis, air-conditioning can dry out the skin and aggravate psoriasis. Moisturizing can help prevent this.
Other
Science has not uncovered all psoriasis triggers. Hormones, smoking, and heavy drinking appear to trigger psoriasis in some people.
How hormones affect psoriasis is still not well understood. Research shows that many people develop their first psoriatic lesions just after puberty when hormone levels fall. When hormones levels increase during pregnancy, psoriasis improves for many women. A recent study showed that 55% of pregnant women with psoriasis reported an improvement, 21% saw no change, and 23% experienced worsening. After delivery, only 9% reported improvement and 65% saw their psoriasis worsen. More research is needed to understand these effects.Research suggests that localized (on the palms and soles) pustular psoriasis may be more common in people who smoke tobacco. Other studies suggest a correlation between smoking and developing plaque psoriasis. There also seems to be a link between smoking and developing severe psoriasis. Quitting smoking improves psoriasis for some; however, quitting does not always clear the psoriasis. More research is needed in this area.It is now believed that heavy drinking may trigger psoriasis in some people. Heavy drinking also may make treatment less effective. Again, more research is needed.More Good Days than BadWhile there is no cure, psoriasis can be successfully managed so that one experiences more good days than bad. Numerous treatment options are available, and recent advances are revolutionizing the management and care of psoriasis. A dermatologist considers a patient’s overall health, age, lifestyle, and the severity of the psoriasis in order to find a treatment option that will achieve maximum effectiveness.

References:Behnam SM et al. “Smoking and psoriasis.” SKINmed. 2005 May-June;4(3):174-176.Bowcock AM et al.
“Genetics of psoriasis: The potential impact on new therapies.” Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology. 2003 August;49
(2):S51-55.Murase, JE et al. “Hormonal Effect on Psoriasis in Pregnancy and Post Partum.” Archives of Dermatology. 2005 May;141(5):601-606.

Severe Psoriasis Linked to Heart Attacks

2006-10-11T06:47:00.000-07:00

Severe forms of the itchy skin condition, psoriasis, should be considered a risk factor for heart attack, a new study suggests. Researchers who studied medical records for more than 680,000 British patients found that people in their 40s with severe psoriasis were more than twice as likely to suffer a heart attack than people without the skin disease.
The link may be inflammation, the body's normal response to injury and infection, which plays a role in both heart disease and psoriasis, researchers said.
Severe forms of the itchy skin condition, psoriasis, should be considered a risk factor for heart attack, a new study suggests. Researchers who studied medical records for more than 680,000 British patients found that people in their 40s with severe psoriasis were more than twice as likely to suffer a heart attack than people without the skin disease.
Mild psoriasis slightly raised the risk for heart attack, by 20 percent for people in their 40s. But study co-author Dr. Joel Gelfand of the University of Pennsylvania said people with mild psoriasis "on their elbows and knees" shouldn't worry.
"I don't want to overly alarm people," Gelfand said. "If you have psoriasis you should see a physician and go through a screening to make sure you don't have other cardiovascular risk factors."
The study, which was partly funded with a grant from the maker of a psoriasis drug, appears in Wednesday's Journal of the American Medical Association.
Psoriasis causes itchy, painful patches of thick, red, scaly skin. The chronic disease is thought to start with the immune system overreacting and targeting the body's own cells. More than 5 million Americans suffer from it, but most do not have the severest form.
There isn't a precise definition of severe psoriasis. About 100,000 Americans have 10 percent or more of their skin affected, and an estimated 500,000 say psoriasis is a significant problem for them in their everyday life.
People with psoriasis are more likely to smoke and to have diabetes, high blood pressure and high cholesterol. But the researchers found that even when they took those risk factors into account, psoriasis still increased the risk of heart attack.
Dr. Fred Leya of Loyola University Health System said cardiologists have long noticed the connection between psoriasis and heart disease. The study should encourage doctors to be more aggressive at controlling cardiovascular risk factors like cholesterol in their patients with psoriasis, he said.
"This is not a breakthrough discovery, but an important documentation of the facts," said Leya, who wasn't involved in the study.
Dr. William Weintraub, a cardiologist and research director at Christiana Care Health System in Newark, Del., questioned the study's importance for patients.
"Severe psoriasis is relatively uncommon, and the risk for heart attack with mild psoriasis is relatively minor," said Weintraub, who was not involved in the study.
Based on their findings, the researchers predict that 1 out of 623 people with severe psoriasis in their 40s will have a heart attack related to their psoriasis each year, Gelfand said. For mild cases, 1 in 3,646 people in their 40s would have a heart attack each year.
Gelfand and another co-author reported financial ties to companies investigating drug treatments for psoriasis. The study was funded by the National Institutes of Health and a grant to University of Pennsylvania from Cambridge, Mass.-based Biogen Idec Inc., which has a psoriasis drug in development.

Psoriasis Symptoms

2006-09-26T10:41:00.000-07:00

Individuals with psoriasis experience skin conditions such as itching, cracking, stinging, burning, or bleeding (ICN Pharmaceuticals, Inc.). These symptoms are usually worse in the winter months due to the lack of sunlight and low indoor humidity (Hall 132). The skin is most likely to crack at the joints where the body bends or in areas where the individual fails to refrain from scratching. Scratching can also lead to bleeding and infection which is why it should be avoided at all costs. This skin condition has also been known to affect fingernails and toenails by causing pits or dents in them. There is also the possibility that the soft tissue inside the mouth and genitalia can be affected. In some cases, individuals experience joint inflammation, which can lead to the development of arthritis symptoms. This condition is known as psoriatic arthritis.

Psoriasis May Affect The Eyes

2006-09-15T10:37:00.000-07:00

Psoriasis is a common skin disease. Ocular signs occur in approximately 10% of patients, and they are more common in men than in women. Patients with ocular findings almost always have psoriatic skin disease; however, it is rare for the eye to become involved before the skin.

Psoriasis involves hyperproliferation of the keratinocytes in the epidermis. The cause of the loss of control of keratinocyte turnover is unknown. However, environmental, genetic, and immunologic factors appear to play a role. Psoriasis is associated with certain human leukocyte antigen (HLA) alleles, particularly human leukocyte antigen Cw6 (HLA-Cw6). In some families, psoriasis is an autosomal dominant trait.

Disease exacerbations can be triggered by trauma, stress, alcohol, medications, and infection (eg, staphylococcal, streptococcal, human immunodeficiency virus). The epidermis is infiltrated by a large number of activated T cells, which appear to be capable of inducing keratinocyte proliferation. Conjunctival impression cytology demonstrated a higher incidence of squamous metaplasia, neutrophil clumping, and nuclear chromatin changes in patients with psoriasis.

Statistics On Psoriasis

2006-09-07T11:29:00.000-07:00

The following statistics show that psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis are common, life-altering and often debilitating conditions.
Worldwide
Psoriasis affects an estimated 2-3 percent of the world's population.
125 million people worldwide have psoriasis, according to the World Psoriasis Day consortium.
National health concern
According to the National Institutes of Health (NIH), between 5.8 and 7.5 million Americans have psoriasis.
Studies have shown that between 10 percent and 30 percent of people with psoriasis also develop psoriatic arthritis.
National Psoriasis Foundation Benchmark SurveyIn 2001, the National Psoriasis Foundation commissioned the Benchmark Survey on Psoriasis and Psoriatic Arthritis. The results provided prevalence information, increased our understanding of the impact of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, and demonstrated that psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis carry a substantial burden.
The statistics below come from the Benchmark Survey.
Prevalence
2.2 percent of American adults have been diagnosed with psoriasis, confirming that psoriasis is a common disease.
11 percent of those diagnosed with psoriasis have also been diagnosed with psoriatic arthritis. This is a prevalence of 0.25 percent of American adults in the general population.2
Psoriasis prevalence in African Americans was 1.3 percent compared to 2.5 percent of Caucasians.
Quality of life
Psoriasis is not a cosmetic problem. Nearly 60 percent reported their disease to be a large problem in their everyday life.
Nearly 40 percent with psoriatic arthritis reported their disease to be a large problem in everyday life.
Patients with psoriasis covering more of their body (more extensive skin disease) experienced a greater negative impact on their quality of life.
Psoriasis had a greater impact on quality of life in women and younger patients.
Treatment satisfaction
Less than 40 percent of respondents indicated they were very satisfied with any of the four therapies assessed in the study (acitretin [brand name Soriatane], cyclosporine, methotrexate or PUVA [psoralen plus ultraviolet light A]).
Nearly 80 percent of persons who were very dissatisfied with their treatment did not have severe disease (less than 10 palms of coverage or <10 percent BSA).
Members of the National Psoriasis Foundation reported their disease to be significantly less of a burden and were more satisfied with treatment.
Age of onset
Psoriasis often appears between the ages of 15 and 25, but can develop at any age.
Psoriatic arthritis usually develops between the ages of 30 and 50, but it can develop at any time.
Severity of psoriasis
The National Psoriasis Foundation defines mild psoriasis as affecting less than three percent of the body; 3 percent to 10 percent is considered moderate; more than ten percent is considered severe. The palm of the hand equals 1 percent of the skin. However, the severity of psoriasis is also measured by how psoriasis affects a person's quality of life. Psoriasis can have a serious impact even if it involves a small area, such as the palms of the hands or soles of the feet.
The majority of people with psoriasis have mild disease.
Nearly one-quarter of people with psoriasis have cases that are considered moderate to severe.
Cost of psoriasis
Overall costs of treating psoriasis may exceed $3 billion annually. A 1993 study estimated that between $2 and $3 billion was spent annually on psoriasis treatments.
Genetic aspects of psoriasis
About one out of three people with psoriasis report that a relative had psoriasis.
If one parent has psoriasis, a child has about a 10 percent chance of having psoriasis. If both parents have psoriasis, a child has approximately a 50 percent chance of developing the disease.

A Closer Look At Psoriasis

2006-08-29T11:37:00.000-07:00

Hygiene Key To Controlling Nail Psoriasis

2006-08-07T12:29:00.000-07:00

There are a number of things you can do to help prevent nail fungus and infections during the hot summer months, says the American Society for Dermatologic Surgery.
The society offers the following tips:
Purchase your own tools for use in nail salon procedures. Infectious particles can be transmitted on tools such as emery boards, which cannot be sterilized.
Ask about the sanitation standards of nail salons. How do they clean their equipment and how often? How often do they change the filters in the foot massages?
Keep your toenails trimmed, clean and neat. Keeping your nails healthy helps prevent the spread of infection and helps your overall health.
Make an annual visit to a dermasurgeon to have your skin and nails checked for early signs of illness or problems.
Don't have your cuticles cut during salon procedures. If too much of the cuticle is cut back during a manicure, the cuticle can be separated from the nail, and infectious agents can get into the exposed area.
Don't shave your legs before they're exposed to circulating water in a pedicure spa. Nicks and cuts from shaving can be infected by bacteria in inadequately cleaned pedicure spas.
Don't ignore infections. If there's redness or soreness after a procedure, it may be a sign of an infection. See your dermasurgeon.
Only go to licensed, trained professionals. Each manicurist should have a state-issued cosmetology license that is current and visibly displayed.

Historical References To Psoriasis

2006-07-10T11:59:00.000-07:00

Types Of Psoriasis

2006-07-10T11:58:00.000-07:00

There are five different types of psoriasis. The most common form of psoriasis is called "plaque psoriasis," which is characterized by well-defined patches of red, raised skin. About 80 percent of people with psoriasis have this type.
Plaque psoriasis can appear on any skin surface, although the knees, elbows, scalp, trunk and nails are the most common locations.
The other types of psoriasis are:
Guttate described as small, red, individual drops on the skin.
Inverse psoriasis is smooth, dry areas of skin, often in folds or creases, that are red and inflamed but do not have scaling
Erythrodermic psoriasis is characterized as periodic, widespread, fiery redness of the skin. Pustular psoriasis which involves either generalized, widespread areas of reddened skin, or localized areas, particularly the hands and feet (palmo-plantar pustular psoriasis).

Typically, people have only one form of psoriasis at a time. Sometimes two different types can occur together, one type may change to another type, or one type may become more severe. For example, a trigger may convert plaque psoriasis to pustular.

More Research On the Cause Of Psoriasis

2006-06-27T08:13:00.000-07:00

Psoriasis partially results from an overly acidic body and skin. The pH (potential of hydrogen) as you remember from your high school general science or chemistry class, ranges from 0 to 14 with 7 being neutral. As you rethink your past history, you will see that ‘all’ the psoriasis triggers come from ‘acidic items’ regardless of whether they are foods, drinks, stress, or merely out of breath. We all know that if we hold our breath for 30 seconds or 60 seconds, we will all notice that our face turns pink or red. We all know, but hardly think that the cause is a build up of carbon dioxide which is an ‘acidic’ gas and we have a shortage of oxygen. Very similarly, when we exercise for a short period, we have a build up of ‘lactic acid’, which is a body waste, which is obviously acidic. Likewise, those with psoriasis need to be very concerned about the build up of acids in our blood stream due to the foods and beverages that we consume. We all know of our triggers such as alcohol, coffee, various medications, etc. which all have a pH below 7.0 or are termed acidic. Our objective therefore should be to balance, buffer or neutralize the acids with alkaline.

Acidity is measured as a pH of 1 to 7. Alkalinity is 7 to 14.The numbers refer to how many hydrogen atoms are present compared to an ideal or standard solution. Normally, blood is slightly alkaline, at 7.35 to 7.45; urine pH is the best and easiest way to check on the proper foods and drinks being eaten. Try to keep the pH in the 6.8 to 7.00 range for optimal functioning of the body and brain. If we are excessively alkaline, we don't have the mental and physical 'go' so we need our 'energy' brain and muscle foods and drinks during the day and very alkaline foods at night to calm the body and brain (parasympathetic system).

This scale is logarithmic; meaning that each number is ten times stronger than the preceding number. For example, a pH of 2 is ten times more acidic than a pH of 3 and one hundred times more acidic than a pH of 4.

Water is alkaline with a pH of about 7.3, and likewise more alkaline foods such as more “fresh vegetables and fruits are needed which are alkaline (higher pH than 7.0). Acidic foods and drinks are the problem with a pH of below 7.0 such as coffee at 2.2. To improve your total body and skin condition, eat and drink 90% of the alkaline foods with 10% meats while avoiding breads, pastas, sugars, desserts, etc.

The body has several different ways to ensure that the pH balance stays in the normal range of 7.35 to 7.45. These are referred to as buffer systems. Through normal day-to-day activity in the body, acids are formed as waste products that need to be neutralized, alkalized, or buffered and eliminated. Some of the acids are released with CO2 from exhaling; others are excreted via the kidneys. With acidic foods and drinks, there is always more carbon dioxide (acidic) while alkaline foods produce much more oxygen (think of your high school classes of the tree, grass, and plants giving off oxygen). These systems work together in the healthy human body to keep the pH level within normal ranges. Sometimes with extreme intake of acidic foods and drinks, the normal system cannot compensate and the body becomes even more stressed resulting in more stress hormones, which are also acidic in nature. Likewise, simple illnesses such as influenza, minor surgery, or emotional and mental stress continue to lower the pH of the body and with more resulting skin blushing and flushing. Likewise, almost all medications are acidic except anti-acid medications such as Zantac, Milk of Magnesium, etc.

The adrenal cortex secretes cortisol, a natural body hormone of about 10 mg of cortisol daily, with peak cortisol levels occurring early in the morning and therefore the flushing and papules will look best in early mornings after this natural anti-inflammatory drug. The hormone that will report back to the original brain centers together with other body organs to tell it to stop the whole cycle. But since cortisol is a potent hormone, the prolonged secretion of it will lead to health problems such as the break down of cardiovascular system, digestive system, musculoskeletal system with resulting osteoporosis and arthritis - rheumatism, and the immune system. Also when the organism does not have a chance for recovery, it will lead to both catecholamine and cortisol depletion. The whole idea is "not to keep" the body in a 'fight or flight' system with any stress, stimulation or food/drinks.

Researching Possible Causes Of Psoriasis

2006-06-27T08:12:00.000-07:00

Researchers believe the immune system sends faulty signals that speed up the growth cycle in skin cells. Certain people carry genes that make them more likely to develop psoriasis, but not everyone with these genes develops psoriasis. Instead, a "trigger" makes the psoriasis appear in those who have these genes. Also, some triggers may work together to cause an outbreak of psoriasis; this makes it difficult to identify individual factors.
Possible psoriasis triggers include: emotional stress; injury to the skin; some types of infection; reaction to certain drugs. Once the disease is triggered, the skin cells pile up on the surface of the body faster than normal. In people without psoriasis, skin cells mature and are shed about every 28 days. In psoriatic skin, the skin cells move rapidly up to the surface of the skin over three to six days. The body can't shed the skin cells fast enough and this process results in patches also called "lesions" forming on the skin's surface.

The Treatment of Psoriasis

2006-06-16T11:39:00.000-07:00

Treatment of psoriasis is determined by the location, severity and history of psoriasis in each individual. There is no one method of treatment, for each person with psoriasis may respond differently. One main objective of treatment is to slow down the more rapid than usual growth rate of the skin cells. The rapid growth rate of skin cells causes the red, scaly psoriasis patches. The underlying cause of this increased skin growth is not yet known. For patients with minimal psoriasis, therapy is limited to topical medications that are drugs applied to the skin. For patients with moderate to widespread psoriasis, topical treatments are often combined with ultraviolet light therapy. Either sunlight or artificial ultraviolet light therapy can be used. If topical and ultraviolet light therapy are not effective, or are not practical, systemic or oral medications can be used. These may be combined with ultraviolet light therapy, the so-called photo-chemotherapy or PUVA therapy. In severe cases and unresponsive cases of psoriasis, there are oral medications that slow down the growth rate of skin which are helpful. These drugs can have significant side effects and have to be used with the proper safeguard and caution. Even these strong drugs do not cure psoriasis but only help to control the disease.

Looking For The Cause Of Psoriasis

2006-06-06T12:16:00.000-07:00

There are many beliefs as to what causes psoriasis. Although no one knows for sure, many scientists believe that a biochemical stimulus triggers the abnormally high skin growth which in turn causes the skin lesions (National Psoriasis Foundation). Heredity also plays a role in the development of psoriasis. Individuals who have a family member with a severe case of psoriasis tend to experience early onset of the disease (Camisa 55). Recent research studies indicate that psoriasis may be a disorder of the immune system. The T cell, a white blood cell, normally works to fight off infection and disease. Scientists believe that having an abnormal immune system causes abnormal activity by T cells in the skin. These abnormally active T cells cause skin inflammation and increased cell production. Diet and vitamin influences have also been thought to play a role in psoriasis development and progression (Kligman 729).
Because psoriasis is a lifelong condition, the levels of its severity and improvement can fluctuate over time. Psoriasis is not a contagious skin condition. An individual instead, has a genetic predisposition for psoriasis, which can be activated by certain environmental factors or emotional stress. Individuals with psoriasis may find that their condition tends to flare up due to stress, certain medications, winter weather, and infections (ICN Pharmaceuticals, Inc.). Most often psoriasis affects the scalp, knees, elbows, hands, and feet (National Psoriasis Foundation).

Clinical Trials For Psoriasis and Psoriatic Disorders

2006-05-31T11:50:00.000-07:00

This study will evaluate the use of Enbrel (etanercept) to treat psoriasis for a period of up to one year. Candidates 18 or older with moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis who are able to start Enbrel therapy as prescribed may be eligible. People with skin conditions other than psoriasis that would interfere with study evaluations, or people taking Remicade (infliximab), Humira (adalimumab) or Amevive (alefacept) will not qualify. Research sites are located throughout Canada.

Natural Treatment For Psoriasis

2006-05-31T11:48:00.000-07:00

Psoriasis is a difficult disorder to treat. But researchers report in the American Journal of Therapeutics that they have identified a natural preparation from a plant that effectively treats mild to moderate psoriasis. The plant, Mahonia aquifolium, grows wild in North America and was used in folk medicine to treat skin diseases.
But according to an article in the American Journal of Therapeutics (March/April 2006, Volume 13, No. 2, p. 121-126), a natural preparation from a plant holds promise for psoriasis sufferers.
Steve Bernstein and other researchers from the Dermatology and Cosmetic Center in Rochester, New York conducted a randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study using a proprietary topical cream prepared with Mahonia aquifolium.
This plant, also known as the barberry, Oregon grape, or berberis, grows wild in North and South American and Europe. It was initially used in American folk medicine as an oral medication for inflammatory skin diesases including psoriasis and syphilis.
Of the 200 psoriasis patients enrolled in the trial, 97 completed the 12-week course and 74 completed the same regimen using a placebo cream.
Bernstein and his colleagues traced a statistically significant improvement of the signs and symptoms of moderate plaque psoriasis compared with patients receiving placebo. The medication was well tolerated when applied to the affected area twice a day for twelve weeks. No significant side effects were reported by either the active or control group.
The researchers concluded that the cream containing Mahonia aquifolium extract is a safe and effective treatment for mild to moderate psoriasis.

The Psychological Impact Of Plaque-Type Psoriasis

2006-05-22T11:06:00.000-07:00

Plaque-type psoriasis is usually on elbows, knees and the lower back. The scalp is frequently involved, but psoriasis can occur on any surface of the skin including nails. Some patients develop blisters on their skin in the affected areas, and this can be very painful.
The rash of psoriasis can itch, but often it does not have symptoms. Most patients with psoriasis are embarrassed by its appearance, and they dress to hide it from others. There is a significant psychological impact of the disease as it sometimes prevents people from being hired for jobs, and it can limit social activities because other people think psoriasis patients are contagious.

Psoriasis - Know Your Triggers

2006-05-16T11:35:00.000-07:00

(HealthDay News) -- Psoriasis, a chronic skin condition that affects some 4.5 million American adults, is characterized by red, scaly skin patches. Psoriasis can appear on any part of the body, including the scalp, face, hands and feet.
Stress can be a major trigger for psoriasis, the National Psoriasis Foundation says. Taking time to relax and manage stress can help alleviate flare-ups. Any damage to the skin, including scratches or sunburn, can also trigger an outbreak.
The foundation also notes that certain medications can contribute to psoriasis symptoms, including lithium, antimalarial drugs, and certain drugs used to treat high blood pressure and arthritis. Allergies, weather and diet can also impact psoriasis.
Discuss with your doctor how to best control your symptoms.
-- Diana Kohnle

Treating Psoriasis

2006-05-10T07:37:00.000-07:00

Remember that treating psoriasis is a mixture of both science and art, and fine-tuning may improve the outcome, even with relatively small changes. It's best to make these in close partnership with a trusted physican. A small proportion of persons with psoriasis will learn that their disease is primarily based on an allergic reaction to something. Indeed, the hope of every person with psoriasis is for a real cure, but at this writing there isn't one in sight. The clinical management of this disease remains quite complex, with much trial and error required. It's always a good idea to look into any rumored new therapy, whether you actually try it or not. And if you do try it, don't be too put off by apparent failures, or too ecstatic at what appear to be promising results. Although psoriasis is stubborn, it is also manageable. This information sets forth current opinions from recognized authorities, but it does not dictate an exclusive treatment course. Persons with questions about a medical condition should consult a physician who is knowledgeable about that condition.

Dietary Changes May Help Control Psoriasis

2006-05-02T10:44:00.000-07:00

Two dietary elements that have proven results are flax seed and sea cucumber.

Flax seed is one of the most nutritionally complete foods available, but the components most relevant to psoriasis treatment are Omega 3 and mucilage. The Omega 3 helps correct the Omega 3 deficiency frequently found in those with skin diseases, and the mucilage prevents toxic buildup in the bowel – thereby addressing another common factor in skin disease, the excretion of excess toxins.

Sea cucumber is a marine animal related to starfish and sea urchins, but shaped liked a cucumber. Like flax seed, it also contains a broad range of nutrients, and has been used by the Chinese since ancient times in the prevention of disease and as a longevity tonic. Two of its most important nutrients – glucosamine and chrondroitin sulfate – are now used in the West for treatment of arthritis, a condition developed by 30 percent of those who suffer from psoriasis. Sea cucumber may prevent psoriatic arthritis, and will also reduce the pain and inflammation associated with psoriasis on the skin.

Consult with your doctor before taking these nutrients as they can interact or counteract with some drugs you may be taking for other conditions.

Adding flax seed and sea cucumber may help provide the nutrients needed to reduce psoriasis symptoms, possibly forever.

Living with Psoriasis

2006-05-02T10:42:00.000-07:00

Psoriasis, a chronic skin condition that affects some 4.5 million American adults, is characterized by red, scaly skin patches. Psoriasis can appear on any part of the body, including the scalp, face, hands and feet.
Stress can be a major trigger for psoriasis, the National Psoriasis Foundation says. Taking time to relax and manage stress can help alleviate flare-ups. Any damage to the skin, including scratches or sunburn, can also trigger an outbreak.
The foundation also notes that certain medications can contribute to psoriasis symptoms, including lithium, antimalarial drugs, and certain drugs used to treat high blood pressure and arthritis. Allergies, weather and diet can also impact psoriasis.
Discuss with your doctor how to best control your symptoms.

Scalp Psoriasis Or Seborrhea?

2006-04-26T10:24:00.000-07:00

Scalp psoriasis and seborrheic dermatitis of the scalp can be hard to differentiate. Both are common skin disorders that often affect the scalp. They share some similar symptoms — such as itchy, red, scaly skin. Fortunately, they also share some similar treatments, including daily use of an over-the-counter medicated shampoo, containing:
Ketoconazole
Tar
Pyrithione zinc
Selenium sulfide
Salicylic acid
There is no single test to confirm a diagnosis of psoriasis or seborrheic dermatitis. These skin disorders typically are diagnosed with a visual exam of the affected skin. Sometimes, however, a skin biopsy may be used to help differentiate between the two disorders.

Psoriasis Grants Awarded

2006-04-18T10:38:00.000-07:00

The National Psoriasis Foundation has awarded four different university researchers $30,000 each in grant money to further their work into the disease and to provide data to the National Institutes of Health.
The Psoriasis Foundation's seed grant program emphasizes innovative psoriasis or psoriatic arthritis research projects in genetics, immunology or clinical research focused on understanding the mechanism of the disease. The program is designed to provide researchers with funding to generate preliminary data that can be used in grant applications to the National Institutes of Health.
"Funding these types of research projects is an integral part of our research and advocacy strategies," said Gail Zimmerman, president and CEO of the Psoriasis Foundation. "These grants will help promising researchers further understand the underlying causes of psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis, and help us come closer to a cure."
The grant recipients are Dr Andrew Blauvelt, a professor at Oregon Health & Science University; Dr Kristina Callis, an instructor at the University of Utah Health Sciences Center; Dr Shane Curran, a post-doctoral fellow at Columbia University; and Dr Carl Edwards, an associate professor at the University of Colorado at Denver Health Sciences Center.
The research projects undertaken by these academics include work on discovering how the molecule Il-23 is involved in the development and maintenance of psoriasis; study into the disease genetics; research into understanding the environment of joints in psoriatic arthritis; and investigations on how specific molecules and cells work together to produce inflammation in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis.

Common Psoriasis

2006-04-10T11:47:00.000-07:00

Plaque psoriasis is the most common form of psoriasis. It is characterized by raised, inflamed (red) lesions covered with a silvery white scale. The scale is actually a buildup of dead skin cells. The technical name for plaque psoriasis is psoriasis vulgaris (vulgaris means common). Plaque psoriasis may appear on any skin surface, though the knees, elbows, scalp, and trunk are the most common locations. Sometimes the patches of infected skin are large, extending over much of the body. The patches, known as plaques or lesions, can wax and wane but tend to be chronic. These can be very itchy and if scratched or scraped they may bleed easily. The plaques usually have a well-defined edge and, while they can appear anywhere on the body, the most commonly affected areas are the scalp, knees and elbows. However, if the scalp is involved, you may develop psoriasis on the hairline and forehead. The actual appearance of the plaques can depend on where they are found on the body. Plaques found on the palms and soles can be scaly, however they may not be very red in color. This is due to the thickness of the skin at these sites. If the plaques are in moist areas, such as in the creases of the armpits or between the buttocks, there is usually little or no scaling. The patches are red and have a well-defined border. Chronic (or common) plaque psoriasis affects over 90% of sufferers. It appears usually on the scalp, lower back, elbows, arms, legs, knees and shoulders. It is very much an adult condition.

2006-04-04T11:29:00.000-07:00

A variant of a single immune system gene boosts the risk for psoriasis, researchers report.
A team from the University of Michigan looked for the gene -- called PSORS1 -- in more than 2,700 people from 678 families in which at least one family member had psoriasis.
According to the researchers, PSORS1 is the first genetic determinant of psoriasis to be definitively identified in a large clinical trial. The finding may help in the development of new, more effective treatments for the disfiguring inflammatory skin disease.
To develop psoriasis, people must inherit several disease-related genes and also be exposed to one or more environmental triggers, such as a strep infection, the researchers noted.
"For every individual with psoriasis who carries the PSORS1 gene, there are 10 other people with the gene who don't get psoriasis," study director Dr. James T. Elder, a professor of dermatology and of radiation oncology, said in a prepared statement.
The PSORS1 gene is actually one of more than 20 different varieties of a gene called HLA-C, one of several genes that regulate how the immune system fights off infection.
While Elder and his colleagues have identified the PSORS1 gene -- which they believe is the major gene involved in psoriasis susceptibility -- they said that much more research is needed to identify other genes involved in the development of psoriasis.
The findings appear in the May issue of the American Journal of Human Genetics.

FDA Approves Taclonex For Use In Treating Psoriasis Vulgaris

2006-04-04T11:12:00.000-07:00

Warner Chilcott and LEO Pharma announced today that Taclonex® (calcipotriene 0.005% and betamethasone dipropionate 0.064%), a once-daily topical ointment for the treatment of psoriasis vulgaris in adults, is now available for prescription in the United States. Available outside the U.S. as Dovobet® or Daivobet®, Taclonex® was cleared for marketing by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) in January. Psoriasis is a lifelong skin disease affecting more than five million adults in the United States.
"The availability of Taclonex® is significant because it makes the treatment of psoriasis easy for patients," said Dr. Mark Lebwohl, Chair, Department of Dermatology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York. "It only needs to be applied once a day and is rapidly effective. In clinical studies, most patients saw improvement within the first week of use. Additionally, the two-compound ointment is more effective than either of its components alone, and also appears to be more tolerable than the components alone based on a lower percentage of total adverse events reported in clinical studies."
"At Warner Chilcott, we are continually striving to improve treatment and quality of life for people suffering from diseases of the skin," said Roger Boissonneault, CEO of Warner Chilcott. "We recognize that psoriasis can be a disabling condition that alters a person's life, both physically and emotionally, and we are pleased to provide Taclonex® as a new tool in managing its symptoms. Based on the efficacy and rapid action it has demonstrated in clinical studies, we are confident that Taclonex® will be an important new therapy for the topical treatment of psoriasis."
Taclonex® Clinical Trials
The efficacy and safety of Taclonex® have been demonstrated in seven large, multicenter clinical trials, which enrolled approximately 7,000 psoriasis patients (more than 3,000 of whom were treated with Taclonex®) amenable to topical therapy, with lesions affecting at least 10% of one or more body regions. Patients treated with Taclonex® had significantly greater and more rapid improvement in the Psoriasis Area and Severity Index (PASI) than patients treated with either calcipotriene or betamethasone dipropionate alone. In addition, Taclonex® was safe and well tolerated.
In one randomized, multicenter, double-blind trial, investigators enrolled 1,603 patients to compare the mean change in PASI from baseline to four weeks. They compared Taclonex® with calcipotriene, betamethasone dipropionate, or vehicle (placebo), all used once daily. The study demonstrated that the mean percentage change in PASI from baseline was significantly greater for patients treated with Taclonex® than for those receiving once-daily betamethasone, calcipotriene, or placebo at week 1 (-39.2% vs. -33.3% vs. -23.4% vs. -18.1%, p<0.001)

Cream With Ingredients From Fish Can Relieve Psoriasis Symptoms

2006-03-29T12:12:00.000-08:00

A new skin cream has shown promising results in the treatment of psoriasis and eczema. The cream contains fish enzymes and gelatine and is under development by researchers at the Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU) in Trondheim and the University of Bergen, Norway. Enzymes from roeAn important ingredient in the product is the enzyme zonase, which is found in fish eggs. The enzyme can break down dead skin cells without harming living cells. Used in the treatment of psoriasis, this cream helps to dead skin to flake off, while stimulating the growth of new cells. But enzymes need water to function as they should. With typical creams, the moisture evapourates a short time after application to the skin. The challenge for manufacturers is to find a new and better method to bind water to the cream. Dr. Ingvild Haug is a specialist in fish collagen (gelatine) Collagen from fish is built up completely different from collagen from other animals. Dr. Haug has studied how these special properties can be exploited. For example, fish collagen has the unrivalled ability to bind water within a mixture of water and oil. Before, such mixtures needed to include a stabiliser to keep them from separating. Dr. Haug found a method to use fish collagen to do the job. With the support of a skin care company, she has used this quality to improve skin cream. The method is patented, and the product is now undergoing clinical testing at the University Hospital in Linköping, Sweden, to ensure the product will perform as expected. Dr. Haug is working with other application for fish gelatine. This includes finding out if fish gelatine can be used to improve capsules of medicine and food supplements. -This rethinking can provide products that are easier to swallow and that can also hinder regurgitation. Everyone who has taken fish-oil capsules knows what I'm talking about, points out Dr. Haug. Workers with soft handsResearchers at the University of Bergen, Norway, were the first to note the properties of zonase early in the 1980s. Investigation has continued since then with Professor Bernt Walther in the lead. The enzyme is found in fish roe and serves to help the fry escape the egg. As has happened many time before: an accidental discovery in everyday life leads to a new product. The starting point was at a hatchery at a salmon fish farm. All day, workers had their hands in the cold sea water, handling the salmon fry. Usually, such activities would lead to red and chapped skin. But those who worked with the salmon fry had surprisingly soft and supple skin. The Bergen researchers looked into the case and found the enzyme zonase to be the reason.

Benjamin Franklin Suffered From Psoriasis

2006-03-21T11:46:00.000-08:00

In his memoirs, Benjamin Franklin wrote of his psoriasis and his problems treating it late in life. He stopped taking pills a doctor had given him because his teeth were loosening and falling out. He found baths and sunlight helpful in controlling it, but never found a cure.
Now, 300 years after Franklin's birth, there's still no cure. Many treatments have harmful side effects. New protein-based injectable medicines can cost up to $25,000 annually, beyond the reach of many patients.

Cause Of Psoriasis

2006-03-14T10:49:00.000-08:00

Scientists believe that certain white blood cells called T lymphocytes (T cells) play an important role in psoriasis. "And the disease has a genetic component," says Lindstrom. In about one-third of psoriasis cases, there is a family history of the disease.
T cells circulate throughout the body, orchestrating the immune system's response to foreign invaders like bacteria or viruses. In people with psoriasis, the defective T cells are overactive and migrate to the skin as if to heal a wound or ward off an infection. This process leads to the rapid growth of skin cells, triggering inflammation and the development of lesions.
Both the environment and genetics may play a role in the development of psoriasis. "In genetically predisposed children, psoriasis can be triggered by a strep or other infection," says Lindstrom. That's what happened to author John Updike. After an attack of measles at the age of 6, Updike developed psoriasis "in all its flaming scabbiness from head to toe," as he later described it in his memoir, Self-Consciousness.

Psoriasis Treatments In Clinical Trials

2006-03-10T08:41:00.000-08:00

Several Companies Post Positive Results in Clinical Trials:

Efalizumab (Raptiva) Appears Safe for Up to 3 years of Psoriasis ...DG News - 23 hours ago... Efalizumab (Raptiva) appears to be safe for up to 3 years of continuous weekly therapy for chronic moderate to severe plaque psoriasis, researchers reported ... Low-Dose Regimens of Acitretin (Soriatine) Effective in the ... DG News
Nucryst Pharmaceuticals granted new acne patentDrugResearcher.com, France - 22 hours ago... of Nucryst's silver for the treatment of acne, inflammatory skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis, and hyperproliferative skin disorders such as psoriasis. ...
Celgene's psoriasis therapy beats expectations in phase IIPharmaceutical Business Review - Mar 7, 2006... Corporation has reported better than expected phase II data evaluating CC-10004 as a potential oral therapy for patients with severe plaque-type psoriasis. ...
Centocor's psoriasis drug posts positive phase III dataPharmaceutical Business Review - Mar 7, 2006... that treatment with Centocor's Remicade resulted in rapid, significant improvement and long-term response in patients with moderate to severe plaque psoriasis. ...
Advitech Announces the Introduction of Dermylex in Toronto and ...CCNMatthews (press release), Canada - 4 hours ago... Laboratories Limited ("Jamieson") to conduct a special product introduction program for Dermylex, its product for the management of mild to moderate psoriasis. ...
Bexarotene Gel 1% Enhances Efficacy of Phototherapy for Psoriasis ...DG News - Mar 6, 2006... with bexarotene gel 1% appears to enhance the efficacy of narrowband ultraviolet B (UVB) phototherapy with minimal toxicity in patients with plaque psoriasis. ...

Basic Types of Psoriasis

2006-03-07T13:02:00.000-08:00

There are five different types of psoriasis. The most common form of psoriasis is called "plaque psoriasis," which is characterized by well-defined patches of red, raised skin. About 80 percent of people with psoriasis have this type. Plaque psoriasis can appear on any skin surface, although the knees, elbows, scalp, trunk and nails are the most common locations. The other types of psoriasis are: Guttate described as small, red, individual drops on the skin. Inverse psoriasis is smooth, dry areas of skin, often in folds or creases, that are red and inflamed but do not have scaling Erythrodermic psoriasis is characterized as periodic, widespread, fiery redness of the skin. Pustular psoriasis which involves either generalized, widespread areas of reddened skin, or localized areas, particularly the hands and feet (palmo-plantar pustular psoriasis).Typically, people have only one form of psoriasis at a time. Sometimes two different types can occur together, one type may change to another type, or one type may become more severe. For example, a trigger may convert plaque psoriasis to pustular.

New Treatments In Psoriasis Therapy

2006-03-03T11:25:00.000-08:00

Recent research has shown that calcineurin inhibitors (TCIs), such astacrolimus ointment and pimecrolimus cream, may be effective in treating psoriasis, although they are currently only approved by the U.S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) for the treatment of atopic dermatitis, another chronic skin condition in which the skin becomes itchy, dry and inflamed. TCIs interfere with the activation of T-cells, a type of white blood cell responsible for triggering immune responses that contribute to the development of skin conditions such as atopic dermatitis and psoriasis.
"In clinical trials, pimecrolimus and tacrolimus showed promise in treating facial psoriasis and inverse psoriasis, which is characterized by smooth, red lesions in the skin folds," stated Dr. Stein Gold.
"Tacrolimus inthe gel form is currently in clinical trials for the treatment of body psoriasis. Side effects tend to be mild and include minor itching and a sensation of warmth after application." Another new topical medication that has been approved by the FDA to treat moderate to severe plaque psoriasis is clobetasol propionate spray. In spray form, clobetasol propionate penetrates the skin easily to diminish the psoriasis plaques and minimize inflammation. In a recent study, patients using the clobetasol propionate spray over a four-week period saw a marked decrease in their disease severity, with most patients considering their psoriasis clear or almost clear by week four. In follow-up interviews after the completion of the study, the greatest proportion of patients still considered their psoriasis to be clear or almost clear.
"Patients like the spray because it is easy to use and not as messy as other topical medications," explained Dr. Stein Gold. "That is important because patients who like using a product will be more inclined to consistently use the treatment as directed, which will lead to more rapid results."
Combinations with topical corticosteroids also are effective for the treatment of psoriasis. A combination of calcipotriene and betamethasone dipropionate, a vitamin D analogue and a potent corticosteroid, was recently approved by the FDA in an ointment form for the treatment of psoriasis.
In a recent study of patients using the combination once daily, more than80 percent of patients with mild to localized psoriasis reported reaching a Psoriasis Activity and Severity Index (PASI) score of 50 or better after fourweeks, which means that this measure of psoriasis severity improved by 50 percent from the start of the study. The PASI is the standard measurement tool to determine what percentage of the body is affected by psoriasis and how
severe a patient's psoriasis is at any given time. In addition, many patients with severe psoriasis who participated in the study reported a reduction in PASI score of more than 70 percent.

New Psoriasis Treatment

2006-02-28T12:22:00.000-08:00

A new drug for the treatment of severe chronic plaque psoriasis is to become available on the Pharmaceutical Benefits Scheme (PBS) soon, federal Health Minister Tony Abbott said.
The drug Raptiva will become available on April 1 for those patients who have exhausted other treatment options or had an inadequate response from them.
Mr Abbott said so-called refractory chronic plaque psoriasis is a disfiguring and disabling condition that affects about 17,000 Australians.
"It has a major impact on the quality of life, social relationships and participation in daily life of these patients," he said in a statement.
Mr Abbott said it was estimated about 6,000 people would start Raptiva in the first full financial year of listing.
He said the annual cost to the PBS for Raptiva would be about $12,700 per patient and its listing would add about $171 million to PBS expenditure between 2005-06 and 2008-09.

New Therapies May Offer Psoriasis Sufferers Some Relief

2006-02-24T11:47:00.000-08:00

It’s a new era for patients covered in the itchy, scaly skin disease psoriasis. After years with few good treatments, doctors finally have a handful of therapies that promise to help control the incurable condition with fewer bad side effects.
What changed? Scientists learned that psoriasis isn’t just a skin-deep disorder but a dysfunction of the immune system, so the new therapies target the real culprit.
“Five to six years ago, I was telling my patients it was the wasteland,” says Dr. Craig Leonardi of St. Louis University Medical School, who participated in studies of the new treatments. “Now there’s this huge explosion of amazing drugs coming forward.”
The new options don’t help everyone, cautions Dr. Michael Tharp, dermatology chief at Chicago’s Rush University Medical Center. And they’re very expensive, costing $10,000 a year or more.
But, “it’s a great first step,” Tharp says. “Now we’ve got very directed molecules and know where they work and how they work. ... I hope it is just the beginning.”
Two unique psoriasis shots, Amevive and Raptiva, recently won Food and Drug Administration approval. Two drugs already sold to treat other conditions — Enbrel and Remicade — are used against psoriasis, too. A list of other potential treatments is under study.
Keeping symptoms at bayThe four newest options haven’t yet been compared to each other, but because each works somewhat differently, specialists expect hard-to-treat patients to find some relief among the bunch.
Some 4.5 million Americans have psoriasis. Of those, 1.5 million suffer moderate to severe symptoms — their skin covered in red or white scaly patches that burn and itch. It’s triggered when certain immune system cells, called memory effector T cells, run amok, causing skin cells to multiply faster than normal and become inflamed.
It can be life-altering.
“I wouldn’t wear anything but long-legged pants and long-sleeved shirts because I got so tired of people asking me questions,” says Lyle Newcomb, 60, of Milwaukie, Ore., who tried every treatment without success. “You don’t allow yourself to get real close to anybody because you don’t know how they’re going to accept it.”
Then Newcomb entered a study of Raptiva. “I had never been clear of psoriasis in my life, but I was totally clear in three weeks,” and, two years later, weekly shots keep symptoms at bay.
Ointments and light therapy — ultraviolet beams, sometimes with light-sensitizing drugs, a few times a week — are effective for milder psoriasis.
Until now, severely hit patients had two powerful options, each with serious side effects. The immune suppressor cyclosporine, commonly used to prevent rejection of transplanted organs, can destroy kidneys. Inflammation-suppressing methotrexate, also used for cancer and rheumatoid arthritis, can cause liver damage.
Fewer risks and side effectsThe new biologically engineered treatments promise more targeted therapy without those risks:
Amevive and Raptiva interfere with the harmful T cells, dramatically clearing psoriasis lesions in 20 percent to 40 percent of patients.
Amevive causes those T cells to die, explaining why some people’s symptoms don’t return for months after a three-month course of weekly shots. About 3,500 patients have begun Amevive since FDA approval in January, says maker Biogen Inc. The intramuscular shots are given in a doctor’s office.
In contrast, Raptiva keeps harmful immune cells from getting into and inflaming skin, so patients must take it indefinitely. Sales will begin by Thanksgiving, say makers Genentech Inc. and Xoma Ltd. Patients give themselves weekly under-the-skin shots.
That difference means more than convenience; some insurance pays for in-office therapy but not at-home drugs.
Instead of targeting T cells, Enbrel and Remicade inhibit a protein, TNF, that’s crucial to inflammation. FDA-approved for certain types of arthritis, some doctors already use the drugs for psoriasis’ skin lesions. The FDA now is evaluating Enbrel injections for that use; a final-stage study of intravenous Remicade is about to begin.
Specialists call the four new treatments largely safe but acknowledge that even mildly tinkering with the immune system for years might spur infections or cancer. “We’re crossing our fingers,” Tharp says.
That plus their huge cost means the new drugs are reserved for the worst patients. For less severe psoriasis sufferers, “we’re back in the stone ages,” Tharp says, urging companies to study better options for them, too.

The Effects of Psoriasis

2006-02-22T09:07:00.000-08:00

Psoriasis is a chronic skin condition affecting approximately 4.5 million people in the United States.
New skin cells grow too rapidly, resulting in inflamed, swollen, scaly patches of skin in areas where the old skin has not shed quickly enough.
Psoriasis can be limited to a few spots or can involve more extensive areas of the body, appearing most commonly on the scalp, knees, elbows and trunk.
Psoriasis is not a contagious disease. The cause of psoriasis is unknown, and there currently is no cure.
Psoriasis can strike people at any age, but the average age of onset is approximately 28 years. Likewise, it affects both men and women, with a slightly higher prevalence in women than in men.
Approximately 30 percent of people with psoriasis are estimated to have moderate-to-severe forms of the disease.
Psoriasis can be a physically and emotionally painful condition. It often results in physical limitations, disfiguration and a significant burden in managing the daily care of the disease.
Psoriasis sufferers may feel embarrassed, angry, frustrated, fearful, depressed and, in some cases, even suicidal.

Aging Population Drives Prescription Dermatological Growth

2006-02-14T09:04:00.000-08:00

The aging of the worldwide population and a focus on lifestyle treatments that revitalize youthfulness and stave off skin damage are the driving forces behind a healthy prescription dermatological drug market, which should see sales jump to $11.1 billion by 2010, according to

a new study from the market research firm Kalorama Information, a division of MarketResearch.com, the leading provider of industry-specific market research reports.
With 2005 sales reaching $8.4 billion, The Worldwide Market for Prescription Dermatological Drugs predicts that sales in the antiaging, photodamage, hair treatment, psoriasis, and skin cancer segments will grow further at a rate of 5.7% over the next four years as consumer demand for newer and better derma drugs continues to increase as the aging population struggles to deal with a myriad of skin disorders and diseases.
While sales of prescription acne, Rosacea, dermatitis, seborrhea, and hyperpigmentation/melasma products have continued to perform well-although with slower growth rates during the last five years as many of these drugs are older or have lost patent protection-the overall market has been bolstered by recent trends in cosmeceuticals, a favorite among aging Baby Boomers.
"The aging population is better educated and wants to see results-whether they have wrinkles, skin cancer, or psoriasis. Today's consumers are savvy to innovative dermatological treatments, derma drug delivery developments, and new prescription drug information which is widely available on the internet," notes Mary Anne Crandall, RN, the author of the final report. "This has changed the face of dermatology as cosmetic dermatology is now in vogue and manufacturers are racing to find new treatments to satiate public demand."

Options In Psoriasis Skin Care

2006-02-07T12:02:00.000-08:00

Dermatitis-Ltd III. is a great option for individuals whose skin has been left sensitive and delicate by over-the-counter or prescription medications which often are messy, smelly, stain clothing, or thin the skin such as steroids. Skin appears more conditioned, even, elastic, and calm with Dermatitis-Ltd III. The ingredients of Dermatitis-Ltd are: zinc oxide, sodium chloride, magnesium stearate, polyethylene glycol, iron oxide, copper oxide, and sulfur. Zinc oxide is well known for its ability to protect and heal the skin.

Psoriasis Has Been Around For Thousands Of Years

2006-02-03T11:48:00.000-08:00

Understanding Psoriasis Flares

2006-01-25T09:23:00.000-08:00

JERRY BAGEL, MD: The definition of a psoriasis flare is when a person with psoriasis gets worse. If a patient has localized psoriasis, and they move to moderate or severe psoriasis, that's clearly a flare. And at that point, different treatments need to be implemented.
When does psoriasis flare?JERRY BAGEL, MD: Psoriasis can flare independently of any known risk factors. But in general, people tend to get worse in the winter than they do in the summer. In the summer people with psoriasis can go outside and get extra exposure to ultraviolet light, which is helpful, whereas in the wintertime they tend to be inside. In addition, in the winter their skin tends to be drier. They can be more itchy, scratch more, and the trauma that occurs from scratching can result in exacerbating psoriasis.
PAUL YAMAUCHI, MD, PhD: A person on certain psoriasis medications can improve quite dramatically, but when you stop the medication, the psoriasis comes right back; it's sometimes rip-roaring and that can be very frustrating.
How often do flares occur?JERRY BAGEL, MD: The frequency of flares is dependent upon the individual. Some people can have low-grade psoriasis, and then it flares. If they treat it appropriately, they can do well for a few years. Other people are treated for a flare, go into remission, and flare again two to three months later because their psoriasis is that severe. But if you want an average, I think many people with severe psoriasis, who have it over 20 percent of their body, stay clear with good treatment for about six months, and then they flare again.
What is the pattern of flares for people with mild psoriasis?JERRY BAGEL, MD: The treatment of localized psoriasis is topical therapy. Topical steroids are pretty much the mainstay of topical therapy, but we have used vitamin D derivatives such as Dovonex (calcipotriene) for the past 15 years with lots of benefit.
In general, these treatments are suppressive, so they do not result in much remission. Some people might stay clear for a couple of weeks and others people might not respond to topicals at all.
How soon after phototherapy do people flare?JERRY BAGEL, MD: People who have more than 10 percent of their body surface area covered with psoriasis are candidates for phototherapy, which includes narrow band UVB and PUVA, as well as broadband UVB, but we're not using that as much now because narrow band works better. If patches are thin, people can come in three times a week for about 25 treatments and clear. If you pick your patients properly, you're probably going to get a six-month remission. But most people won't get six months' remission if they have real thick plaques. If you go with PUVA, where you have to take pills before you come in for ultraviolet light, one go-around would involve about 25 treatments. You can expect six months' remission, and many patients stay clear on PUVA for about a year.
Do people flare after taking the immunosupressant medications cyclosporin and methotrexate?JERRY BAGEL, MD: Cyclosporin and methotrexate are suppressive so when a patient is discontinued from both of those two medications, their psoriasis will recur in about six weeks and will be as bad as it was before they started their treatment.
How often do people flare on biologic treatments?JERRY BAGEL, MD: In the 40 percent of people who do very well with one 12-week course of Amevive (alefacept), they can stay very clear for six months. In fact, I've had some people stay clear for a year. And I see people continue to get better up to 12 to 24 weeks after they've discontinued the last dose, and when they start to flare, it's a very slow recurrence of their psoriasis, close to back to where it was in the beginning.
PAUL YAMAUCHI, MD, PhD: There are biologics that must be given continuously. Raptiva (efalizumab), when abruptly stopped, can potentially result in a flare-up of the psoriasis. With Enbrel (etanercept), if a patient had to stop it, and the psoriasis did not flare up, patients can be in remission at least three months.
Does a flare during any type of treatment mean the therapy isn't working?JERRY BAGEL, MD: It takes time for most medications to help people with psoriasis. Depending upon the medication, it could take two weeks to eight weeks. So just because your psoriasis might be getting worse initially does not mean that the therapy's not working.
When should patients change therapies when flares occur?JERRY BAGEL, MD: Primary therapy does not necessarily have to be stopped if people are getting worse. It depends if the flare is significant. If it's the natural progression of the disease getting worse and hasn't responded to therapy yet, you just hang in there or add something else because it's not working quickly enough. But if you see someone who's doing well on therapy and then they get significantly worse, yes, then you should probably switch your therapy around.

Psoriasis Treatment: One Patients Journey

2006-01-19T10:38:00.000-08:00

Treatment for intense psoriasis icky, effective

Editor's note: Over several weeks, reporter Jessi De La Cruz is detailing the intensive treatment she is being given for psoriasis through a special program at the University of Michigan.
Sunlight, moisturizer and rest.
Those are the key ingredients in confronting the skin disease of psoriasis and putting it into remission.
I learned these basic yet not-so-simple rules during my first week at the Dermatology Treatment Center at the University of Michigan Medical Center in Ann Arbor. After one week of intensive, outpatient treatment, my psoriasis was dramatically less painful and less visible.
Psoriasis is a noncontagious, autoimmune disease for which there is no cure. A person with psoriasis produces new skin cells four to six times faster than a healthy person. They build up into inflammed lesions -- or plaques -- which can be itchy, painful and unsightly. Some people also develop arthritis from their skin cells gone amuck, but that hasn't happened to me so far.
The UM Dermatology Treatment Center is one of about a dozen such facilities in the U.S. designed to intensively treat psoriasis and other skin diseases without hospitalization.
When I arrived at the hospital Jan. 9, my first task was to fill out paperwork, change into dark brown, hospital-issued pajamas and get a quick tour of the center. The tour consisted of being shown the locker room, the photolight beds, an activity room stocked with magazines, a TV and a DVD player, and a quiet room where someone was sleeping under a towel. I nodded, tried to smile and felt like running from the room in my hospital-issued booties.
Instead, I stayed and met the doctor and other patients. I was given the combination to a locker that would be mine for the duration of my treatment, a bar of Dove soap and a stout jar of heavy body cream.
When I was called for my intial treatment, I tentatively entered a room with lots of towels and jars of ointments. The nurse coated my body from head to toe with a steroid cream, wet my pajamas (which I put back on) with warm water and gave me a jogging suit to put over my pajamas. The suit would keep moisture in and speed up the cream's effectiveness, she said.
My time in the sauna suit lasted three days, two applications daily. I also was introduced to photolight therapy which is used to slow the growth of skin cells. In between, my body was slathered in coal tar to increase my skin's ability to absorb the light. And to top it off, literally, I had oil and steroids on my scalp and then had my head wrapped in plastic wrap and taped over to fight the psoriasis on my scalp.
I spent the week cold, squishy, slimy, damp and itchy. Toward the end of the week, I also found myself nursing a sunburn. The nurses like it if you're pink from the light because it means your skin cells are halting production. I was more a shade of magenta bordering on red by Wednesday -- so I didn't get light treatment again until Saturday.
After treatment on Saturdays, we are given a one-day reprieve from the goops, gels, oils, light and hospital food -- all starting again on Mondays at 7:30 a.m. sharp.
Although it sounds (and often feels) terrible, this treatment is working. My skin has not felt softer nor looked better in years. And I can commiserate with others who share this disease.
I'm becoming a master at Tetris, daytime TV and napping. I'm also learning how to manage a disease I will never be rid of but, hopefully, don't have to live with in the same way for the rest of my life.

National Psoriasis Foundation

2006-01-13T11:07:00.000-08:00

The National Psoriasis Foundation is the leading patient-driven, nonprofitorganization dedicated to improving the quality of life of more than 5 millionAmericans diagnosed with psoriasis and/or psoriatic arthritis and theirfamilies. We focus on education, advocacy and research toward bettertreatments and a cure.

For more information, please call the PsoriasisFoundation, headquartered in Portland, Ore., at 800.723.9166 or visithttp://www.psoriasis.org

New Component In Psoriasis Research

2006-01-10T11:14:00.000-08:00

An immune molecule that normally assists in cell “suicide” may be an important trigger in the development of the common skin disease psoriasis, according to scientists from the Technion-Israel Institute of Technology and State University of New York, Stony Brook.
The culprit, a molecule called Fas, acts as a middleman between activated immune cells and a handful of inflammatory hormones involved in psoriasis flare-ups, say Technion researcher Dr. Amos Gilhar and colleagues. The study appears in the January, 10 2006 American Journal of Pathology.
Psoriasis is a non-contagious, lifelong skin disease that usually appears as scaly and inflamed patches of skin, although it can take several different forms. In patients with psoriasis, the white blood cells that make up the body’s immune defense system go into overdrive, triggering other immune responses that pile up skin cells at an abnormal rate.
Current treatments for psoriasis such as the drug Enbrel focus on these inflammatory hormones, but the researchers were able to stop the development of psoriasis in mice long before these hormones came into play by injecting an Fas-blocking antibody.
“The finding that antibodies to Fas can prevent psoriasis further demonstrates the complexity of the disease and its numerous molecular pathways,” Gilhar says.
Dr. Alice Gottlieb, chair of the Clinical Research Center at the Robert Wood Johnson Medical School in New Jersey agrees. “This research shows that activation of the Fas pathway is important in starting the ball rolling in psoriasis,” comments Gottlieb (who was not involved with this study). “These findings could have implications for other immune diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis and Crohn's disease,”
The researchers suspected that the Fas molecule was in the middle of this process, since it is found at high levels in psoriatic skin and leads an intriguing dual life. Most of the time, Fas guides the normal process of cell suicide called apoptosis. But in cells where apoptosis is blocked by other molecules, as it is in psoriatic cells, Fas switches roles and encourages the production of common inflammatory hormones instead.
To figure out exactly where Fas stood in the development of psoriasis, Gilhar and colleagues transferred grafts of clear, non-involved skin from human psoriasis patients to mice. They injected the mice with white blood cells bearing the Fas molecule on their surfaces to jump-start the formation of psoriatic skin lesions.
By blocking Fas action with a special antibody, the researchers were able to show that Fas actually is the key middleman in psoriasis formation. Without Fas, the natural killer cells were unable to trigger the production of the inflammatory hormones that lead to the characteristic skin thickening and other signs of psoriasis.
There is some evidence that Fas is involved in other skin conditions such as eczema, so future treatments targeting the Fas pathway may prove useful for a variety of diseases, suggests Dr. Richard Kalish, Gilhar’s collaborator from SUNY Stony Brook. However, researchers need to develop a human antibody to Fas before the technique could be tested in people.
“The current study is one of the many wonderful papers that have come out of this very productive collaboration across many miles between Dr. Gilhar and Dr. Kalish,” says Gottlieb.
According to the National Psoriasis Foundation in the United States, 1-3 percent of the world’s population suffers from psoriasis. About 30 percent of people with psoriasis have severe cases, where the affected skin covers more than 3 percent of their body. In some people, the disease is associated with a form of arthritis.
The Technion-Israel Institute of Technology is Israel's leading science and technology university. Home to the country’s winners of the Nobel Prize in science, it commands a worldwide reputation for its pioneering work in nanotechnology, computer science, biotechnology, water-resource management, materials engineering, aerospace and medicine. The majority of the founders and managers of Israel's high-tech companies are alumni. Based in New York City, the American Technion Society is the leading American organization supporting higher education in Israel, with 17 offices around the country.

Winter Psoriasis

2006-01-04T11:56:00.000-08:00

Asking people with psoriasis whether their psoriasis acts up in the winter or summer quickly reveals one of the mysteries of the disease: it can be different for everyone. Some people experience flares in the winter, others in the summer, and some both or neither.

Tips for inclement weather:
Wear gloves while you wash dishes or clean inside, and when you're outside in the cold or driving.
Place a bowl of water or damp towel on the radiator, which will put water back in the air. Take care to redampen the towel.
Apply moisturizer while your skin is still wet from bathing or showering, which traps water in the skin. Avoid prolonged hot baths or showers.
Drink plenty of water. If the body doesn't get enough water, your skin's water reservoir can become depleted.
Minimize the use of soaps. They dry out the skin.
Turn off the heat at night, and keep it low during the day. Cool air is less drying.
Anecdotal reports suggest it is more common for psoriasis to become agitated or flare during the winter, but some people do suffer more during the summer.
Conversely, during a hot and humid summer, when the air contains more water vapor, the saturated air keeps us from sweating as we normally would, which essentially locks water in. This is perhaps why some people fare better with their psoriasis during humid summers.
A small percentage of people have psoriasis that flares when they are exposed to sunlight. Intensive exposure to sunlight, salty sea water or some other environmental factor also may play a role in why a person's psoriasis appears worse in the summer.
In a study published in the January 2001 issue of Archives of Dermatology, researchers measured and compared the impact of psychological stress on the skin in students without psoriasis during three different stress level periods: after winter vacation, during final exams and after spring break. The researchers measured water loss in the students skin during these periods and found that during periods of stress, the skin's ability to maintain a normal permeability barrier and retain water appears to be reduced.
A person's legs and arms have fewer oil glands than elsewhere in the body, which already causes them to be drier. Our skin also has what doctors call a "permeability barrier"-an ability to prevent the passage of substances through it. In people with psoriasis, the level of water that passes through this barrier is increased-the skin loses its ability to hold water, which contributes to the formation of dry, scaly lesions. During the cold winter, when the air contains less moisture, even more water is stripped from the skin, which may contribute to a flare.
Winter, according to researchers, is just a more stressful time. Researchers studying weekly and seasonal variations in heart attacks, which are also stress related, have found that Mondays during the winter months, especially January, have the highest rates of heart attacks.
In the homeThe dehumidified air in most people's homes during the winter, whether from electric or forced air heat, fires or woodburning stoves, also strips the skin of natural moisture. More water escapes from skin at low humidity. Normal skin achieves a balanced level of water loss when humidity is at 60 percent. In most homes during the winter, the humidity is much lower.
Experiencing one heating environment at the office and another at home, with short, cold, "uncontrolled" moments in between, can also further dry out the skin and potentially make psoriasis worse.
Not everyone experiences changes in their psoriasis brought on by changes in the weather. Climate also may play a role. Someone who lives in dry, desert heat may find relief during the summer, but flare when they are experiencing a humid summer.
There is no firm scientific proof that winter or summer directly cause a person's psoriasis to worsen. Nonetheless, to the people it happens to it is pretty obvious.

Smoking And Obesity Impact Psoriasis

2005-12-20T11:37:00.000-08:00

Smoking and Obesity More Prevalent Among Psoriasis Patients
Researchers report that the prevalence of both smoking and obesity is higher among patients with psoriasis than in the general population.
Chicago, Ill. - infoZine - Mark D. Herron, M.D., now in private practice in Montgomery, Ala., and colleagues from the University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, studied the impact of obesity and smoking on psoriasis. A case series of patients with psoriasis enrolled in the prospective Utah Psoriasis Initiative (UPI) was compared with three population databases: the Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System of the Utah population, the 1998 patient-member survey from the National Psoriasis Foundation, and 500 adult patients who attend the University of Utah Department of Dermatology clinics and do not have psoriasis."The prevalence of obesity in patients within the UPI population was higher than that in the general Utah population (34 percent vs. 18 percent) and higher than that in the non-psoriatic population attending our clinics," the authors write. "The prevalence of smoking in the UPI population was higher than in the general Utah population (37 percent vs. 13 percent) and higher than in the non-psoriatic population."
The authors found that obesity appears to be the consequence of psoriasis, and not a risk factor for onset of the disease. "Smoking appears to have a role in the onset of psoriasis, but obesity does not," they write."It seems certain that the cost of providing care for psoriasis - when coupled with the increased frequency of obesity and smoking in patients attending clinics such as ours - will continue to increase," the authors conclude. "An effort to control obesity and smoking in psoriasis patients and an increased appreciation of the effects of these comorbidities are clearly needed."JAMAEditor's Note: This study was supported by a grant from the Dermatology Foundation, Evanston, Ill., and by financial support from LineaGen Inc., Salt Lake City, Utah.
Editorial: Advances In PsoriasisIn an accompanying editorial, Mark G. Lebwohl, M.D., of Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, examines recent advances in psoriasis treatment, and suggests that the impact of those treatments on all dermatologic disease has been profound.Summarizing the findings of Fortes and colleagues and Herron and colleagues, Dr. Lebwohl writes, "These studies do not answer the question, however, of whether psoriasis leads to smoking or smoking exacerbates psoriasis.""The current issue of the Archives demonstrates that psoriasis remains a therapeutically and intellectually challenging disease," he concludes. "As research and development continue, we undoubtedly will have better treatments. We can only hope that they will be treatments that patients can afford."JAMA Editor's Note: In the past year, members of Dr. Lebwohl's department have served as investigators for and received grants and honoraria from Abbott Laboratories, Allergan, Amgen, Astellas, Biogen Idec, Centocor, Connetics, Genentech, Novartis, and Warner Chilcott. Dr. Lebwohl is also a consultant (or has pending consulting agreements) for Abbott Laboratories, Amgen, Astellas, Biogen Idec, Centocor, Connetics, Genentech, Novartis, Pfizer, Warner Chilcott, and 3M. In addition, members of Mount Sinai's Department of Dermatology hold patents for short-contact tazarotene therapy, excimer laser treatment of vitiligo, and topical genistein. Finally, in the past year, Dr. Lebwohl has served as a speaker for Abbott Laboratories, Amgen, Astellas, Biogen Idec, Centocor, Connetics, Genentech, Novartis, Warner Chilcott, and 3M.

Study Indicates Psoriasis Drug Also Aids in Depression

2005-12-16T08:19:00.000-08:00

LONDON (Reuters) - Amgen Inc.'s psoriasis drug Enbrel appears to reduce depression and fatigue, as well as improving symptoms of the chronic skin disease, researchers said on Thursday.
Psoriasis is characterized by inflamed, red, raised areas of skin that develop silvery scales. The condition can have a major psychological impact on patients.
A 618-patient trial of Enbrel, known generically as etanercept, found that those given the drug for 12 weeks had a 50 percent improvement in a commonly used rating scale for depression and suffered significantly less fatigue compared to those on placebo.
The clinical trial also reaffirmed the ability of Enbrel to fight psoriasis, with nearly half of patients taking it achieving a 75 percent or greater improvement in their psoriasis, compared with only 5 percent on placebo.
The findings by Ranga Krishnan of Duke University Medical Center, North Carolina, and colleagues were published online by the Lancet medical journal in Britain.
Enbrel works to treat a range of autoimmune diseases by blocking an inflammation-causing protein called tumor necrosis factor. These diseases, which include psoriasis and rheumatoid arthritis, occur when the body's immune system mistakenly attacks healthy tissue.
Rival drugs include Abbott Laboratories Inc.'s
Humira and Johnson & Johnson's Remicade.
The indictable medicines are expensive -- costing about 10,000 euros ($12,030) per patient a year in Europe -- but they are increasingly reimbursed through healthcare systems under strict conditions.
Enbrel was originally discovered by Immunex, now part of Amgen, and jointly developed with Wyeth, which markets the product outside North America.

Plant Extract May Prove Beneficial For Psoriasis

2005-12-14T07:45:00.000-08:00

An extract found in the cotton plant, gossypol, has shown the strongest anti-inflammatory actions yet seen in the scientific world. In the lab it completely knocks out dozens of different forms of skin inflammation and normalizes dilated, inflammed and hyper-reactive blood vessels. Gossypol's first indication is for the treatment of psoriasis because it also has a normalizing effect on keratinocytes. Pharmaceutical companies are moving very fast on this substance and have already placed them in nanosomes for penetration into the skin and timed release. Two other skin disorders on their list are rosacea and atopic dermatitis. Once again, the researchers have never seen an anti-inflammatory as potent, fast acting, and effective on dozens of different inflammatory responses. It out-performed a medium potency, prescription only steroid in a split-face study which is unheard of. Also, the nanosomes drop it off at several different levels in the dermis to treat multiple levels of blood vessels and inflammation. Anecdotally, many patients report diminished burning and stinging sensations within minutes of nanosome delivered gossypol.

Psoriasis Health Care Advocates

2005-12-13T09:29:00.000-08:00

"Psoriasis Cure Now," a nonprofit patient group that works on behalf of the psoriasis community, today announced its 2005 "Health Care Advocates of the Year."

The recipients are Sen. Arlen Specter of Pennsylvania, Rep. Rosa DeLauro of Connecticut, and Rep. Ralph Regula of Ohio. These three lawmakers were instrumental in putting Congress on record in support of increased federal research for psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Psoriasis research funding has traditionally lagged behind other research areas, receiving just $6.5 million last year out of a federal medical research budget at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) approaching $30 billion.

"People with psoriasis have no Hollywood stars or other glitzy backers to call on for support or to bring attention to this incurable disease," said Michael Paranzino, president of Psoriasis Cure Now. "In fact, we have traditionally suffered in silence. Yet these leaders took up our cause without fanfare and recognized how research on psoriasis will help not just the millions of Americans with the disease, but may also help us better understand other challenging diseases. We are grateful for their service to their constituents."

"The National Institutes of Health plays an important role in medical discoveries that improve people's health and save lives," said Congressman Regula (Ohio-16). "I am pleased that, together with the support of my colleagues, we have been able to direct some of NIH's focus towards this disease which affects millions of Americans."

Psoriasis is an incurable, recurring disease of the immune system that can first strike at any age, causing dry, painful skin lesions that can crack, bleed and itch. Many people with psoriasis also have psoriatic arthritis, a chronic, progressive and debilitating inflammatory disease that often causes joint pain, stiffness and swelling, as well as bone damage. Studies this year found a higher incidence of autism in children of mothers with psoriasis, and a higher incidence of cardiovascular death among patients with severe psoriasis.

People with psoriasis also have higher rates of depression and suicidal ideation. "Congress really came together this year on behalf of psoriasis patients and their families," Paranzino added, "and Senator Specter, Congressman Regula and Congresswoman DeLauro led the way. A cure will come more quickly thanks to their efforts."

According to the NIH, there are as many as 7.5 million Americans with psoriasis, including an estimated 75,000 people with psoriasis in Connecticut; about 270,000 with psoriasis in Ohio; and about 285,000 with psoriasis in Pennsylvania. Each of these states also has important psoriasis research centers, including the University of Pennsylvania, Case Western Reserve University and Yale University.

"Cutting edge research like that being conducted at centers such as Yale University will help us find better treatments and ultimately a cure for psoriasis," said Congresswoman DeLauro (Conn.-3). "Federal funding for this research is critical, which is why I have fought in Congress to ensure psoriasis research continues. I am honored to be recognized by Psoriasis Cure Now for this work."

Psoriatic Arthritis

2005-12-05T11:56:00.000-08:00

When psoriasis and arthritis occur together, it is known as psoriatic arthritis. (Arthritis is not a single disorder but rather the name for joint disease from a number of causes. Arthritic disease causes painful inflammation of one or several joints, with the inflammation destroying the cartilage in the joints.) The most easily recognizable form of psoriatic arthritis affects the joints of the fingers and toes. Psoriatic arthritis is usually less painful than rheumatoid arthritis. It also usually causes less disability.Psoriatic arthritis generally affects the fingers and toes, but it can involve the wrists, lower back, knees and ankles. Psoriatic arthritis can be a serious disease, with a large percentage of patients reporting that their symptoms limit their work or home activities.Psoriatic arthritis usually appears between the ages of 30 and 50. Its symptoms usually include at least one of the following:
Pain in one or more joints
Movement that is restricted by pain in the joint or surrounding areas
Morning stiffness
Eye pain or redness
Because there is no laboratory test for psoriatic arthritis, people with psoriasis and joint pain may want to consult a specialist in joint diseases, called a rheumatologist, to evaluate their symptoms. Other joint diseases such as rheumatoid arthritis, gout, and Reiter’s syndrome all may be confused with psoriatic arthritis.

Stress Induced Psoriasis

2005-12-01T11:04:00.000-08:00

Although psoriasis is believed to be the result of an immune system malfunction, Lebwohl says there have also been a number of genes identified with this condition. And like most genetic conditions, he tells WebMD that there is also a unique, genetically determined time frame in which psoriasis is triggered into action, and it's different for everybody who has it. Still, he says, something does have to act as the initial trigger, and often, that "something" is stress.

Indeed, in a study published in the Journal of the American Academy of Dermatology in 1988, doctors from the Baylor College of Medicine concluded that stress can not only trigger a psoriasis flare-up, but in some instances it may also play a significant role in the initial onset of the condition.

Since the fall season frequently kicks off an activity-packed school year -- stressful for parents as well as students -- it's not hard to see why this time of year can make psoriasis worse. Toss in a stress-filled holiday season, and some psoriasis patients can suffer well into the New Year.

But doctors say you can head off the effects of stress by engaging in some form of relaxation beginning at the start of the fall season. The Baylor research notes that several studies found hypnosis and biofeedback are effective stress reducers in some people with psoriasis.

And in at least one study published in a Swedish dermatology journal, doctors from McGill University in Quebec found that both meditation and guided imagery were effective relaxation methods in reducing psoriasis symptoms. Lebwohl reports that in another study, patients undergoing UV light therapy who practiced guided imagery -- imagining their psoriasis being healed -- experienced a quicker remission than those undergoing UV therapy alone.

Indeed, Moore tells WebMD that anything that helps you relax -- including meditative yoga, vigorous exercise, acupuncture, or even just taking time out of your day to listen to a favorite CD or drift away with a great novel -- can help keep your psoriasis under control, particularly during a stressful season. Remember that these techniques work best with traditional medical therapy instead of alone.

Vitae Enters Phase II Clinical Trials

2005-11-29T09:45:00.000-08:00

Vitae Pharmaceuticals, Inc.announced today that it has initiated Phase II clinical studies with VTP-201227 for the treatment of psoriasis and VTP-195183 to enhance immune celllevels in specific cancer treatments. "Within the last 18 months, Vitae has progressed multiple products intoPhase II trials, created a significant partnership with GlaxoSmithKline, andexpanded our robust pipeline of discovery projects," said Jeffrey Hatfield,CEO of Vitae Pharmaceuticals. "We now have significant development efforts inthree major disease areas, including oncology, dermatology and hypertension.The speed of our progress demonstrates the ability of our team, our uniqueapproach and the strength of our drug discovery capabilities and proprietarytechnologies." The first Phase II clinical compound, VTP-201227, has a novel mechanism ofaction and is being developed at Vitae Pharmaceuticals as a topical agent forthe treatment of psoriasis with potential extensions into other dermatologicalindications. The Phase II trial is designed to include 128 psoriasis patientsat 16 study sites in the U.S. The first psoriasis patient was enrolled anddosed in the study this month. VTP-201227 is a potent, selective inhibitor of two specific enzymes thatare active in the skin. Therapeutic targeting of these enzymes by VTP-201227promotes naturally-occurring healing processes within the skin. The compoundhas been designed to be rapidly inactivated in systemic circulation and thushas the potential to have a more favorable safety profile. In preclinicalanimal models, VTP-201227 was shown to exhibit a superior therapeutic indexcompared to other topical dermatology drugs. The second Phase II clinical compound, VTP-195183, is being studied incombination with other therapies for its potential to boost the levels ofinfection-fighting white blood cells in certain oncologic conditions. Vitaeadvanced the clinical program for this compound and initiated a Phase IIclinical trial in October. The Phase II trial is designed as a proof-of-biology study to determine the effectiveness of VTP-195183 in combination withGranulocyte Colony Stimulating Factor (G-CSF) to enhance mobilization ofperipheral blood progenitor cells in patients for whom high-dose chemotherapyis planned. VTP-195183 is a novel subtype-specific nuclear receptor agonistthat has been shown to be generally safe and well tolerated in cancer patientsin Phase I studies. The Phase II clinical trial of VTP-195183 is beingconducted outside of the U.S.

Understanding Scalp Psoriasis

2005-11-18T10:45:00.000-08:00

Psoriasis is a common skin condition affecting 2-3% of the population of the United Kingdom and Ireland.
Psoriasis is in simple terms only a vast acceleration of the usual replacement processes of the skin. It appears as raised red patches of skin covered with silvery scales.

With scalp psoriasis there is thick scale and redness that is also evident around the scalp margins. Many patients experience severe itching and a feeling of tightness and some report soreness. One patient has described the build-up of scales as being like 'a mountain on my head'.

For those with scalp patches which flare up from time to time it is possible to manage at home. Shampoo treatments are improving all the time and can be bought over the counter. Your pharmacist should be able to advise. However if your scalp is covered with thick scale or it does not clear up do consult your GP who may arrange referral to a Dermatologist.

There is a range of treatments which can be prescribed including coal tar, dithranol, salicylic acid, cortico-steroids and Vitamin D derivatives to bring the flare-up to a manageable level.

The method of applying the treatment is most important. It involves parting the hair in sections and rubbing the treatment along the exposed area. It is best to do this in a sequential fashion working your way around the hair. You may need someone to help you in order to see the top of your head properly.

Providing care is taken to avoid scratching the scalp, combing and brushing to remove scaling is not only good but necessary.

Scalp psoriasis should not prevent any cosmetic procedures. Having a perm or colouring the hair can have a positive effect on your self esteem. Hair dyes are gentler than they used to be but it would be best to seek advice from a hairdresser who should have up to date information about possible options rather than colour or tint your hair at home. It is also a good idea to make sure that there are no scratches on the scalp when the hair is treated as the chemicals concerned can cause irritation on the broken skin.

A good hairdresser should be able to help you manage your hair and scalp. Telephone in advance and speak to a stylist to explain the situation or try to find a hairdresser who will visit you in your home.

Some people with severe psoriasis suffer temporary thinning of the hair. This can be very distressing but the hair will grow again once the flare up has subsided.

Psoriasis is known as the waxing and waning condition, and it can and does go away. Some people may be lucky enough not to suffer a further flare up, others may experience long remissions. It is unusual for anyone to suffer extensive scalp psoriasis for a long time, provided they seek medical help and use treatments as directed.

Children Suffer From Psoriatic Arthritis Also

2005-11-15T10:43:00.000-08:00

Juvenile psoriatic arthritis can be tricky to diagnose. While psoriasis is a common skin condition, associated primarily with a chronic rash all over the, only about 12 to 14 percent of people with psoriasis will develop related arthritis.CausesGenetic and environmental factors play a strong role in the development of psoriatic arthritis. A family history of psoriasis is linked to many children with juvenile psoriatic arthritis, as well as a family history of other forms of spondyloarthropathy. There is little relationship between the severity of a rash and the risk of getting juvenile psoriatic arthritis, however.NOTE: In some people with juvenile psoriatic arthritis, the arthritis shows up before the rash. In these cases, diagnosis can be so difficult that it may take up to 10 years to be certain of a definite diagnosis.Signs and Symptoms
Pitting or thickening and yellowing of the fingernails and toenails
A small round scaly patch on the scalp, belly button or buttocks
Joint problems in large joints, such as the hip and sacroiliac joints
Joint problems can occur on just one side or in the same joints on both sides of the body
Swelling of entire fingers or toes, making them resemble sausages (dactylitis)
Eye inflammation occurs in 10 to 20 percent of children
NOTE: Children with juvenile psoriatic arthritis should be examined by an eye specialist (ophthalmologist) annually to check for eye problems.Long-term Concerns
Damage to the eyes or other eye problems
Decreased range of motion of a joint
Shortening or lengthening of a limb or digit
Damaged cartilage and/or enlargement of a joint
NOTE: Many children have no long-term consequences of having juvenile psoriatic arthritis. Your child may have none, one or several of the concerns listed above, but you should be on the lookout for any or all of them.

Psoriasis Cover ups

2005-11-12T03:40:00.000-08:00

People are curious when they see something different, especially on your skin. You have many choices about how to react to their curiosity. You may choose to ignore their attention, or you can explain that psoriasis is a skin disease that is not contagious. Educating people about psoriasis is very valuable because it helps them to accept people who live with skin that is different.
But when you wish to go out in public without addressing your skin condition, certain techniques can help you cope. Wearing long sleeves, pants, turtlenecks, hats or scarves, for example, can make coping in public a lot easier on days when you don't have the emotional energy to accept the stares and questions.
Cosmetic cover-up products can help for those times when clothing won't do. Masking psoriasis lesions and camouflaging redness can make it easier to feel confident in social situations. Dermablend is one brand name of a body makeup that some people use. It can be found in major department stores.
Caution: Never apply cosmetic cover-up to open skin lesions, unhealed cuts or raw or irritated skin. Avoid using cosmetics if skin allergies are present. If you're ever in doubt about applying a cover-up, seek the advice of your physician.
Note: Not all types of psoriasis can be camouflaged. Masking pustular or erythrodermic psoriasis is not a good idea, because minor irritants in cosmetics can produce stinging and redness, and this skin is already inflamed.
What can I do to make my psoriasis less noticeable?Using moisturizers regularly can help improve the redness and scaling of psoriasis lesions. Also, remove as much scale as possible if you are going to use a cosmetic cover-up. There are two ways you can get rid of psoriasis scale on your own:
Occlusion: You can coat each plaque with a thick layer of heavy, over-the-counter emollient cream and then cover it overnight with a plastic wrap. In the morning, wash away the scales in the shower. Note: never occlude a prescription drug without first consulting your doctor.
Hydration: After soaking for 10 to 15 minutes in warm water and bath oil, gently rub your skin with a towel to remove the scales

THE FACTS ON PSORIATIC ARTHRITIS

2005-11-09T00:56:00.000-08:00

Psoriatic arthritis is a genetically determined autoimmune disease that occurs in less than 10 percent of persons with psoriasis. Its treatment often requires consultation with a rheumatologist in addition to treatment of the skin lesions by a dermatologist. Psoriatic arthritis is classified with the disease grouping called seronegative spondyloarthropathies which also includes ankylosing spondylitis, enteropathic arthritis, and Reiter’s Syndrome. It occurs most frequently in psoriasis patients whose disease is active, especially in persons with the pustular type of psoriasis. Occasionally it appears in a person who has no dermatologic signs or symptoms of psoriasis, in which case it must be diagnosed by its unique laboratory test results. Psoriasis of the fingernails and toenails is associated with a higher incidence of psoriatic arthritis.
Symptoms of psoriatic arthritis resemble those of rheumatoid arthritis, although the diseases are otherwise quite different. Arthritis changes cause deterioration and pain in small joints of the hands and feet, large joints of the legs and spine, and tendons. Nonspecific foot pain or "tennis elbow" may be an early symptom to appear and may be overlooked if not associated with psoriatic skin or nail lesions.
Confirmation of a diagnosis of psoriatic arthritis requires specific blood and serum tests to differentiate it from conditions such as rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases.
Please see the National Psoriasis Foundation for information on the treatment of psoriatic arthritis.
A pediatric form of psoriatic arthritis may appear as early as age 2 to 4 years in girls. A peak period of pediatric onset is age 11 to 12 in both girls and boys. In children the arthritis may appear several years prior to the onset of psoriatic skin lesions; this may pose a problem in recognizing the nature of the underlying disease, especially if there is no known family history of psoriasis.
Although psoriatic arthritis and psoriasis occasionally occur in the absence of a history of psoriasis in the family, a genetic predisposition for psoriasis is considered to be a necessary condition for development of psoriatic arthritis. The evidence for inheritability is well established.
As in the case of psoriasis, an environmental "trigger" may initiate the development of psoriatic arthritis in a genetically predisposed person.

Nail Psoriasis

2005-11-07T03:35:00.000-08:00

About 50 percent of persons with active psoriasis have psoriatic changes in fingernails and/or toenails. In some instances psoriasis may occur only in the nails and nowhere else on the body. Psoriatic changes in nails range from mild to severe, generally reflecting the extent of psoriatic involvement of the nail plate, nail matrix (tissue from which the nail grows), nail bed (tissue under the nail), and skin at the base of the nail. Damage to the nail bed by the pustular psoriasis can result in loss of the nail.

Nail changes in psoriasis fall into general categories that may occur singly or all together:
The nail plate is deeply pitted, probably due to defects in nail growth caused by psoriasis.
The nail has a yellow to yellow-pink discoloration, probably due to psoriatic involvement of the nail bed.

White areas appear under the nail plate. These are air bubbles marking spots where the nail plate is becoming detached from the nail bed (onycholysis). There may be reddened skin around the nail.

The nail plate crumbles in yellowish patches (onychodystrophy), probably due to psoriatic involvement in the nail matrix.

Psoriasis of the nails can resemble other conditions such as chronic infection or inflammation of the nail bed or nail fold. Psoriasis of the toenails can resemble chronic fungal infection of the nails.

A person with psoriatic nails should avoid any injury - bumps, scrapes, etc. - that may trigger a worsening of psoriasis (Koebner’s phenomenon). Nail psoriasis is treated by the dermatologist as part of the overall treatment of the disease.

Nail psoriasis is frequently associated with psoriatic arthritis

Psoriasis Sufferers Face Increased Risks From Heart Disease

2005-11-04T03:32:00.000-08:00

People severely afflicted by psoriasis have a significantly increased risk of dying from heart disease, new research shows.
A Swedish study found that patients hospitalised with the skin disorder were 50% more likely to die from a heart condition than expected.
The extra risk increased sharply as patients got younger, rising to 162% for those admitted under the age of 40.
For severe psoriasis sufferers aged 40-59 when they were hospitalised, the risk was 91% higher than in the average population.
However the same trend was not seen in less seriously affected individuals who were not admitted to hospital.
The findings emerge from a Swedish study of almost 9,000 psoriasis patients admitted to dermatology wards and more than 19,000 outpatients.
They suggest a genetic defect linking the skin condition and heart problems.
Serious psoriasis sufferers are known to have raised levels of blood cholesterol, which is a chief indicator of heart and artery disease.
Previously this was blamed on the age of older patients or the long term effect of drugs used to treat the disorder.
But the Swedish researchers found high cholesterol levels in a group of 600 newly diagnosed patients who had been suffering from psoriasis for less than a year.

Thymodepressin Now in Clinical Development In US

2005-11-01T10:55:00.000-08:00

Few diseases cause more misery than psoriasis, a condition that occurs when a person's immune system overreacts and begins to attack the skin. Psoriasis is a non-contagious skin disorder which most commonly appears as inflamed, fluid-filled skin lesions covered with a silvery white scale. In its more severe phase, the scaly, red blotches can become itchy or painful and cover large areas of skin.
Approximately 2% of the population suffers from this often painful inflammatory condition. In the United States alone, this translates to about 5.5 million patients, many of whom are suffering from a reduced quality of life, and its effect can be as bad as or worse than many other well known diseases or conditions.
GenaDerm, a specialty dermatological company, is in the race to provide better therapies for more effective treatment of psoriasis. GenaDerm is a subsidiary of Bioaccelerate Holdings Inc. (OTCBB:BACL). The privately held company is co-developing with Immunotech Developments Inc., for Thymodepressin(r) the first synthetic peptide developed for the treatment of autoimmune diseases including psoriasis. Immunotech is a biotechnology-focused firm that works to develop novel therapeutic peptides for the treatment of large market diseases.
Now in clinical development and testing in North America, Thymodepressin(r) has already proved to be an effective treatment for psoriasis in Russia, where the drug was invented and is currently sold.
Professor Vladislav Deigin, Chief Executive Officer and President of Immunotech and inventor of Thymodepressin(r) said, "Immunotech was established to pursue the development and commercialization opportunities presented by a scientific platform for the identification and production of peptides. We are delighted that this has been the basis of developing an effective treatment for such a chronic and debilitating condition. Key therapeutic goals in the treatment of psoriasis are alleviation of the condition, and sustainability of the relief provided by treatment. After successfully treating many psoriasis patients in Russia we are optimistic that clinical trials will confirm this efficacy in other countries."
Christopher O'Toole, Head of Specialty Pharmaceuticals for Bioaccelerate said, "In the United States alone, 30% of psoriasis sufferers or 1.5 million patients are seeking treatment. Of these, roughly one third have moderate to severe psoriasis. We are confident that Thymodepressin(r) will demonstrate similar clinical efficacy for this group of patients as it progresses through its planned clinical trial program, and thus provide more treatment options in the future."

Psoriasis And The Social Connection

2005-10-28T10:08:00.000-07:00

People with psoriasis perceive they have less social support, have difficulty expressing their feelings and have more trouble with social relationships than others, a new study shows.
Newswise — The study says these life stresses may make them more prone to outbreaks of their psoriasis.
Researchers led by Angelo Picardi, M.D., suggest in the November-December issue of Psychomatics that “psychological interventions aimed at increasing emotional awareness, fostering the security felt in close interpersonal relationships and increasing social support might help reduce” outbreaks or at least lessen their severity.
The scientists from La Sapienza University in Rome studied 33 patients with psoriasis who had a recent worsening of their symptoms and 73 patients who had other minor skin conditions. Both groups were asked about stressful events over the past year, specifically about their social and emotional lives.
Psoriasis is an inflammatory skin condition that affects about 7 million Americans. The study participants had plaque psoriasis, the most common form, which appears as patches of raised, reddish skin covered by silvery-white scales and forms most commonly on the elbows, knees and lower back.
The researchers found that, in comparison with the group that had minor conditions, the patients with a recent psoriasis outbreak had lower perceived social support, more characteristics of bottled-up emotions and higher “attachment-related anxiety.” There were no differences in their scores, however, on measures that tested experiences in close relationships.
People who are high in attachment-related anxiety tend to worry about whether their partners really love them and often fear rejection. In addition, some people are more avoidant that others. People who are high in attachment-related avoidance are less comfortable depending on and opening up to others and are reluctant to ask their partners for comfort or support.
Age, gender, education, marital status and alcohol consumption were taken into consideration when assessing patient outcomes.
“Theoretical models emphasize that these persons tend to rely more on cognition and cognitive information than on feelings and emotional information,” Picardi said. “Clearly, self-regulation is compromised both internally and externally, which may increase susceptibility to disease.
“Perceived social support is a subjective measure, but when the level is higher, it is associated with better health,” Picardi added. “Immunological processes play a major role in the pathophysiology of psoriasis.” He said that prior research has shown that stress has particular effects on the skin, including slower wound healing, greater susceptibility of skin cells and a higher propensity for inflammation.
Picardi A, et al. Stress, social support, emotional regulation, and exacerbation of diffuse plaque psoriasis. Psychomatics 46(6), 2005.

Living With Psoriasis

2005-10-24T04:33:00.000-07:00

"People judge us on the basis of our skin — our whole culture is based on cosmetics, lotions, creams and all that," said Finkelstein, of Oakland, Calif. "With (psoriasis), there's a whole layer of psychosocial problems, feelings of embarrassment, of shame, of ultimately feeling isolated."
But these days, Finkelstein, a filmmaker, has cast off the shy persona and is sharing his story with a new documentary, "My Skin's on Fire: Living With Psoriasis." DVDs of the film can be ordered for free at www.beyondpsoriasis.com.
He said now is an ideal time to shed light on the skin disease that affects more than 5 million people because, thanks to new medications, it's no longer a disease that needs to remain hopelessly hidden.
Rather than treating the disease topically, a new class of drugs known as "biologics" and "immuno-supressants" target the internal cause — an immune system on overdrive, which leads to the visible pile-up of inflamed skin cells. Inflammation normally protects the body, but too much of it is harmful.
"Here, really in the last 2 to 3 years, they've changed the disease of psoriasis. For many years it was considered an inflammatory skin disease. Now it's known as an 'immune-mediated disease,'" he says. "They've been able to pinpoint some of the mechanisms that misfire in the immune system."
But as Finkelstein's film shows, living with psoriasis is often far more than just a bothersome condition. Its obvious symptoms — flaky, red skin — can be a tremendous mental burden as well.
In the film, Finkelstein follows the typical trajectory of dealing with psoriasis. First, small patches of flaky skin crop up, usually when a person is a young adult. Then comes the diagnosis of psoriasis. The person may feel confused, wondering where they got such a disease, but a bit of questioning often reveals that it runs in the family — a trait kept hidden from most family members. Then, the person goes through a long trial of different treatments, many of which don't work.
Thankfully, that last step has been shortened by the advent of biologic drugs, said Dr. Alan Menter, a clinical professor of dermatology at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School in Dallas and founder of the International Psoriasis Council.
Menter, who was interviewed for Finkelstein's film, said it accurately portrays the emotional burden of the disease.
For example, when patients first come to him for medical help, they often are overweight and depressed, Menter said. Most newly-diagnosed patients are young adults.
"For example, you take a 25-year-old, standing in the mirror seeing these crusted patches all over his or her body. They're trying to go out and get a date and it's crushing. They can hide it with clothing but that can't hide it from themselves or when they relationship starts becoming intimate," he said.
But Menter and Finkelstein are both optimistic that this will be less of a problem in the coming years, as more people are treated with medicines that truly help quell the disease.
"Right now I think there are something like 40 new drugs," Finkelstein said. "The future looks very bright for all of us who have suffered for so many years. I think it's a very good time to be talking about psoriasis."

What is Psoriasis?

2005-10-21T12:55:00.000-07:00

Psoriasis is a common immune-mediated chronic skin disease that comes in different forms and varying levels of severity. Most researchers now conclude that it is related to the immune system (psoriasis is often called an "immune-mediated" disorder).It is not contagious. In general, it is a condition that is frequently found on the knees, elbows, scalp, hands, feet or lower back. Many treatments are available to help manage its symptoms. More than 4.5 million adults in the United States have it. Between 10 percent and 30 percent of people with psoriasis also develop a related form of arthritis, called psoriatic arthritis.

Psoriasis and the T-Cell Connection

2005-10-20T21:32:00.000-07:00

PSORIASIS: CURE OR REMISSION

2005-10-18T15:40:00.000-07:00

While the disease never goes away, the symptoms of psoriasis subside for a while (remission) and then return (flare-up, or reactivation). Remission can last for years in some people; in others, flare-ups occur every few weeks. Certain triggers, such as stress and seasonal changes, can reactivate psoriasis. "Certain drugs may also exacerbate it," says Lindstrom, including lithium, prescribed for bipolar disorder (also called manic-depressive illness), beta-blockers used to treat high blood pressure, and antimalarial drugs.

Arthritis Drug Treats Psoriasis

2005-10-15T19:46:00.000-07:00

A drug for rheumatoid arthritis can relieve the suffering of patients with moderate to severe psoriasis for a year, researchers said on Friday.
They found that infliximab, which is marketed under the name Remicade by Johnson & Johnson in the United States and by Schering-Plough Corp in other markets, improved symptoms of the chronic skin condition that affects 2 percent of the population in western countries.
"This is the first study to show that the very rapid and dramatic improvement that you see with psoriasis can, in the majority of patients, be maintained over at least the medium term -- over the course of a year," said Professor Christopher Griffiths, of the University of Manchester in England.
Previous trials have only looked into the impact of the drug on psoriasis over a short period of about 12 weeks.
The study published in The Lancet medical journal also showed patients saw a significant improvement in one of the most disturbing features of psoriasis: nail disease.
"Up until now it has been extremely difficult to treat," Griffiths told Reuters.
He and his colleagues compared the effects of the intravenous treatment to a placebo, or dummy drug, on 378 patients with the illness.
Each patient was given three intravenous infusions of the drug or a placebo over six weeks and then every 8 weeks for nearly a year. After less than 3 months on the treatment, 80 percent of the patients showed at least a 75 percent improvement, compared to 3 percent in the placebo group.
By the end of the trial, the drug completely cleared the skin condition in a quarter of patients but no one in the placebo group had the same result.
"Some of the patients were improved to the extent that they had no psoriasis and there was no impairment of their quality of life. So this is the best result you could possibly aim for with a treatment for psoriasis," said Griffiths.
"Compared with the other available treatments, it does work extremely effectively and extremely quickly."
The scientists said none of the patients given the drug had any serious side effects. But they stressed that the treatment is not a cure. It is likely patients would have to be on a long-term maintenance programme.
Psoriasis, an immune mediated disease, can develop at any age but it occurs most commonly before the age of 40. Psoriasis patches can also show up on the fingernails and toenails. About 15 percent of patients also suffer from arthritis linked to the condition.
European regulators recently approved infliximab for the treatment of psoriasis but the drug has not yet been approved for the skin condition in the United States.
The drug is also used as a treatment for Crohn's disease, an inflammatory bowel condition.

TREATING PSORIASIS WITH LIGHT THERAPY

2005-10-13T14:51:00.000-07:00

Exposing the skin to ultraviolet (UV) light--either from the sun or an artificial source--sets off a biological process that kills T cells, which slows the buildup of skin cells and reduces inflammation.
Light boxes that emit UV light to treat moderate-to-severe psoriasis and other skin diseases are medical devices that require licensing by the FDA. A person steps into the light box, which is about the size of a telephone booth, while lamps direct the light onto the body.
"Treatment with these devices is complex," says Richard Felten, an FDA chemist and senior medical device reviewer. The physician must determine an individual's sensitivity to UV and adjust the light emissions for the most effective treatment with the least risk of side effects, he says. Side effects may include burning, darkened skin, premature aging, and skin cancer. Three to five treatments per week for several weeks or months may be needed to get the psoriasis under control, followed by weekly maintenance treatments.
Light therapy, or phototherapy, is usually done in the physician's office or a medical facility that has the devices, says Felten. "The FDA has cleared some devices for home use under certain conditions and with a doctor's prescription," he says. Home devices include handheld devices for scalp psoriasis and stand-alone light boxes for other areas of the body.
Light therapy usually involves a short wavelength of ultraviolet light, called UVB. For people with resistant moderate-to-severe psoriasis, a combination of an oral or topical drug called psoralen and a longer wavelength ultraviolet A (UVA) light is used. This treatment is called "psoralen plus UVA" (PUVA).
"Psoralen makes the patient more sensitive to the UVA," says Lindstrom, "so once they've taken a dose of psoralen, a smaller dose of UVA is needed to treat them." Patients must be very careful to protect both skin and eyes for 24 hours after psoralen use to prevent damage, she says.
The FDA has also approved a special type of laser, an excimer laser, as a phototherapy device to treat mild-to-moderate psoriasis. "These lasers can deliver a much more controlled beam of light to small areas of the affected skin," says Felten.

Systemic Psoriasis Treatments

2005-10-11T21:38:00.000-07:00

The FDA has approved oral and injected drugs that circulate throughout the body to treat psoriasis that is moderate, severe, or disabling. These systemic drugs are very powerful, and while some may be used continuously, others can only be used for a limited time because of their severe side effects. Once a drug is discontinued, the psoriasis may reactivate. The risk of birth defects prevents many systemics from being taken by pregnant women or women planning to become pregnant.
Systemic drugs that may be prescribed for psoriasis include acitretin, methotrexate, cyclosporine, and biologics, which are drugs made from proteins of living cells. Methotrexate, cyclosporine, and the biologic drugs are immunosuppressants, meaning they lower the body's normal immune response. "These drugs suppress the immune cells that cause psoriasis, but they don't distinguish these cells from the immune cells that protect our body from infections," says Elektra Papadopoulos, M.D., an FDA dermatologist.
Acitretin, a retinoid that is given orally for severe psoriasis, helps normalize the growth of skin cells. One of the side effects is raised fat (lipid) levels in the blood, and people taking this drug must get regular blood tests to monitor their cholesterol and triglyceride levels.
Methotrexate and cyclosporine slow the growth of skin cells. Methotrexate, taken orally or by injection, is also a chemotherapy drug for cancer patients. Cyclosporine, taken orally, was first approved to prevent organ rejection in transplant recipients. People using either of these drugs must be closely monitored and should use them only for short periods of time because of serious, potentially fatal, side effects.
Biologics are the newest systemic psoriasis treatments. Since 2003, the FDA has licensed three biologics to treat moderate-to-severe plaque psoriasis: Amevive (alefacept), manufactured by Biogen Inc.; Raptiva (efalizumab), made by Genentech Inc.; and Enbrel (etanercept), marketed by Amgen Inc. and Wyeth Pharmaceuticals. Enbrel was first licensed in 2002 to treat the arthritis associated with psoriasis, and in 2004 to treat psoriasis itself.
"All are immunosuppressive and have different proposed mechanisms," says Papadopoulos. Amevive simultaneously reduces the number of immune cells, including T cells, and inhibits T-cell activation. Raptiva inhibits the activation of T cells and the migration of those cells across blood vessels and into tissues, including the skin.
Enbrel inhibits the action of an inflammatory chemical messenger in the immune system called tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha), which is believed to play a role in both the skin and the joint symptoms of psoriasis.
All three biologics are injected. The FDA has licensed Amevive to be given in a physician's office, either injected into the muscle or into a vein (intravenously). It's a once-a-week treatment for 12 weeks; further treatments may be given after a waiting period.
The FDA has licensed Raptiva and Enbrel for home treatment. People can inject themselves with Raptiva under the skin once a week or with Enbrel once or twice a week. Both drugs are recommended for continuous use to maintain results.
Since biologic drugs are immunosuppressants, they may carry an increased risk of infection and cancer. Rare but serious effects have also included blood abnormalities and autoimmune diseases such as lupus. Other side effects are flu-like symptoms and pain and inflammation at the injection site.
Some dermatologists prescribe biologics alone for psoriasis or in combination with topical treatments. Leonardi says when he prescribes biologics, "I don't have to resort to adding other systemic therapies such as methotrexate, cyclosporine, acitretin, or phototherapy."
"Biologics are an alternative treatment to some of the traditional therapies," says Papadopoulos.
"Now we need to get the expense down," says Leonardi, who has patients who pay $30,000 per year on drugs to treat psoriasis.
Bird feels fortunate that her insurance company covers most of the expense of Enbrel, which is prescribed for both her psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis. Because of the arthritis pain, she has used a cane to help her walk and has had surgery on her wrist to correct some of the arthritis damage. Although Enbrel has been less effective over time for the psoriasis, she says, it's reduced her arthritic pain by about 95 percent. "I can jog down to the corner to chase after the dog," she says. "And last summer, I went hiking with my children in Colorado."

Reducing Psoriasis Treatment Risks

2005-10-08T14:06:00.000-07:00

Biologics, other systemic drugs, and phototherapy are powerful treatments with increased risks, says Lindstrom.
Biologics may raise the risk for developing cancer and serious bacterial or fungal infections that spread throughout the body (sepsis).
Cyclosporine can damage the kidneys, methotrexate puts the liver and lungs at risk, and phototherapy can cause skin cancer. To reduce these risks, doctors often put patients on "rotational therapy." "The thought is by moving from one therapy to another therapy over time, the risk to any individual organ is reduced," says Lindstrom.
"We also try to choose a drug with an appropriate benefit-risk ratio," she says. For mild psoriasis, a topical steroid may be appropriate. For more severe disease, where it becomes impractical to apply topicals over a large surface area several times a day, a patient may need a systemic treatment.
Most of the highly effective treatments for psoriasis affect the immune system in some way. For steroid drugs, which have been around for more than 50 years, the risks are well known. But less is known about the long-term side effects of newer drugs, such as the biologics. The safety and side effects of biologics and other immune-suppressing drugs to treat psoriasis continue to be monitored by drug manufacturers and the FDA

The Future of Psoriasis Treatments

2005-10-06T17:57:00.000-07:00

Researchers continue to look for reasons why immune cells overreact and what genes may be responsible for psoriasis, hoping to find better treatments, and eventually a cure. Psoriasis research is aided by the visibility of the symptoms on the skin.
"You can see the disease," says Leonardi. "You don't have to do invasive testing to see the effects of therapy." Psoriasis research has a "tremendous spillover into other fields besides dermatology," he adds. "There is a huge need for drugs to suppress the immune system without the side effects."
Multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease, rheumatoid arthritis, and type 1 diabetes are just a few of the diseases that may also benefit from psoriasis research.

Finding the Right Treatment for Psoriasis

2005-10-03T12:05:00.000-07:00

You may need to try different treatments before you find one that works well for you. It is important to discuss your treatment and progress with your doctor.
A recent study found that education, stress reduction, and muscle relaxation training can be beneficial to many people with psoriasis. Adding these elements to a treatment plan can reduce disability, anxiety, and stress related to dealing with psoriasis.
Treatments for psoriasis have potential side effects. People with moderate or severe psoriasis may need treatment for the rest of their lives. Many doctors will recommend that treatments be changed or rotated after a certain period of time to improve treatment effectiveness and reduce side effects.

Treating Psoriasis: Amevive

2005-10-01T15:00:00.000-07:00

AMEVIVE is the first biologic approved by the FDA for the treatment of moderate to severe chronic plaque psoriasis in adults who are candidates for systemic therapy or phototherapy. AMEVIVE is a prescription medication that is injected by your doctor (15 mg IM, into the muscle) once a week, for a total of 12 doses.

Amevivie is not without side effects.
The most serious adverse reactions were:
Lymphopenia (see WARNINGS)
Malignancies (see WARNINGS)
Serious Infections requiring hospitalization (see WARNINGS)
Hypersensitivity Reactions (see PRECAUTIONS, Allergic Reactions)
Commonly observed adverse events seen in the first course of placebo-controlled clinical trials with at least a 2% higher incidence in the AMEVIVE®-treated patients compared to placebo-treated patients were: pharyngitis, dizziness, increased cough, nausea, pruritus, myalgia, chills, injection site pain, injection site inflammation, and accidental injury. The only adverse event that occurred at a 5% or higher incidence among AMEVIVE®-treated patients compared to placebo-treated patients was chills (1% placebo vs. 6% AMEVIVE®), which occurred predominantly with intravenous administration.

Basic Treatment Protocol For Psoriasis

2005-09-28T09:34:00.000-07:00

Symptoms of Psoriasis

2005-09-25T00:50:00.000-07:00

Individuals with psoriasis experience symptoms such as itching, cracking, stinging, burning, or bleeding. Lack of sunlight and low indoor humidity in the winter months can cause the psoriasis symptoms to worsen. The skin is most likely to crack at the joints where the body bends, or in areas where the individual scratches. Scratching should be strictly avoided, because it can cause bleeding and infection. Psoriasis has also been known to cause pits or dents to form in fingernails and toenails. There is also the possibility that the soft tissue inside the mouth and genitalia can be affected. In some cases, psoriasis will cause joint inflammation that produces arthritis symptoms. This condition is called psoriatic arthritis.People with psoriasis may notice that there are times when their skin worsens, then improves. Conditions that may cause flare-ups include changes in climate, infections, stress, and dry skin. Also, certain medicines, most notably beta-blockers, which are used in the treatment of high blood pressure, and lithium or drugs used in the treatment of depression, may cause an outbreak or worsening of the disease.

General Definition of Psoriasis

2005-09-24T07:55:00.000-07:00

The Appearance of Scalp Psoriasis

2005-09-22T02:30:00.000-07:00

Scalp psoriasis occurs in at least half of all people with psoriasis. It can range from very mild with fine scaling to very severe with thick, crusted plaques. Scalp psoriasis may appear as lesions that extend from the hairline onto the forehead and the nape of the neck. It is common for the psoriasis to appear behind the ears. Scalp psoriasis usually accompanies plaques in other areas of the body. Scalp psoriasis scales appear powdery with a silvery sheen. Possible causes of scalp psoriasis include: scalp treatments and severe psoriasis can both cause temporary hair loss; itching, picking and scratching lesions can worsen the psoriasis by causing a Koebner phenomenon (psoriasis appearing on the site of skin injuries).

Historical References to Psoriasis

2005-09-19T11:56:00.000-07:00

Treating The Different Types of Psoriasis

2005-09-17T06:36:00.000-07:00

There are five different types of psoriasis. The most common form of psoriasis is called "plaque psoriasis," which is characterized by well-defined patches of red, raised skin. About 80 percent of people with psoriasis have this type. Plaque psoriasis can appear on any skin surface, although the knees, elbows, scalp, trunk and nails are the most common locations. The other types of psoriasis are: Guttate described as small, red, individual drops on the skin. Inverse psoriasis is smooth, dry areas of skin, often in folds or creases, that are red and inflamed but do not have scaling Erythrodermic psoriasis is characterized as periodic, widespread, fiery redness of the skin. Pustular psoriasis which involves either generalized, widespread areas of reddened skin, or localized areas, particularly the hands and feet (palmo-plantar pustular psoriasis).Typically, people have only one form of psoriasis at a time. Sometimes two different types can occur together, one type may change to another type, or one type may become more severe. For example, a trigger may convert plaque psoriasis to pustular.